Merge: perfection pass + backend security hardening + admin panel

deploy/ttrpg.compose.yml

@@ -17,10 +17,20 @@ services:
       - ALLOWED_ORIGINS=https://ttrpg.briggen.dev
       # comma-separated usernames that can see the admin panel (set to your account)
       - ADMIN_USERS=nilsb
+      # default per-user cloud storage cap (bytes); admins override per user in the dashboard
+      - DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES=31457280   # 30 MB
+      # hard ceiling on accounts so open registration can't fill the disk
+      - MAX_USERS=500
     volumes:
       - ttrpg-data:/data
     security_opt:
       - no-new-privileges:true
+    # Hard caps so a runaway session can't starve the host or the shared Traefik
+    # stack — the blast radius stays this container, then `restart: unless-stopped`.
+    mem_limit: 512m
+    memswap_limit: 512m
+    pids_limit: 200
+    cpus: 1.0
     labels:
       - "traefik.enable=true"
       - "traefik.http.routers.ttrpg.rule=Host(`ttrpg.briggen.dev`)"

server/src/accounts.test.ts

@@ -54,4 +54,56 @@ describe('AccountStore', () => {
     expect(await adminStore.setQuota('ghost', 1)).toBe(false);
     expect((await adminStore.listUsers()).find((u) => u.username === 'peon')?.quotaBytes).toBe(5_000_000_000);
   });
+
+  it('quotaFor uses the override when set, else the default', async () => {
+    const r = await store.register('quotaUser', 'password123');
+    if (!r.ok) throw new Error('register failed');
+    const u = (await store.userByToken(r.token))!;
+    const def = store.quotaFor(u); // instance default
+    expect(def).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    await store.setQuota('quotaUser', 99);
+    expect(store.quotaFor((await store.userByToken(r.token))!)).toBe(99);
+  });
+
+  it('refuses registration past the max-users cap', async () => {
+    const capped = new AccountStore(dir, undefined, [], 1);
+    expect((await capped.register('first', 'password123')).ok).toBe(true);
+    const second = await capped.register('second', 'password123');
+    expect(second.ok).toBe(false);
+    expect((second as { code: string }).code).toBe('closed');
+  });
+
+  it('revokes all tokens (log out everywhere)', async () => {
+    const r = await store.register('revokee', 'password123');
+    if (!r.ok) throw new Error('register failed');
+    expect(await store.userByToken(r.token)).toBeTruthy();
+    expect(await store.revokeTokens('revokee')).toBe(true);
+    expect(await store.userByToken(r.token)).toBeNull();
+    expect(await store.revokeTokens('ghost')).toBe(false);
+    expect((await store.login('revokee', 'password123')).ok).toBe(true); // password still works
+  });
+
+  it('deletes a user + their blob, but never an admin', async () => {
+    const s = new AccountStore(dir, undefined, ['boss2']);
+    await s.register('boss2', 'password123');
+    const r = await s.register('victim', 'password123');
+    if (!r.ok) throw new Error('register failed');
+    const u = (await s.userByToken(r.token))!;
+    await s.saveBlob(u.id, '{"x":1}');
+    expect(await s.deleteUser('boss2')).toBeNull(); // admins are protected
+    const removedId = await s.deleteUser('victim');
+    expect(removedId).toBe(u.id);
+    expect(await s.userByToken(r.token)).toBeNull(); // tokens dead
+    expect(await s.loadBlob(u.id)).toBeNull(); // blob gone
+    expect((await s.login('victim', 'password123')).ok).toBe(false); // account gone
+  });
+
+  it('lists detailed rows for the admin panel', async () => {
+    const r = await store.register('detailed', 'password123');
+    if (!r.ok) throw new Error('register failed');
+    const row = (await store.listUsersDetailed()).find((x) => x.username === 'detailed')!;
+    expect(row.tokenCount).toBe(1);
+    expect(row.admin).toBe(false);
+    expect(row.createdAt).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+  });
 });

server/src/accounts.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 import crypto from 'node:crypto';
+import { promisify } from 'node:util';
 import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 
+// Async scrypt so password hashing runs on the threadpool, NOT the single event
+// loop — a burst of logins can't freeze the whole server (scryptSync did).
+const scryptAsync = promisify(crypto.scrypt) as (pw: crypto.BinaryLike, salt: crypto.BinaryLike, keylen: number) => Promise<Buffer>;
+
 /**
  * Lean file-backed accounts + cloud-backup store. No external DB — a single
  * users.json plus one blob file per user under DATA_DIR. Passwords are scrypt-
@@ -23,9 +28,11 @@ interface User {
 
 const USERNAME_RE = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]{3,32}$/;
 const MAX_TOKENS = 10;
+/** Default per-user cloud storage cap when no admin override is set. */
+export const DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES = Number(process.env.DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES) || 30 * 1024 * 1024;
 
 function sha256(s: string): string { return crypto.createHash('sha256').update(s).digest('hex'); }
-function hashPassword(password: string, salt: string): string { return crypto.scryptSync(password, salt, 64).toString('hex'); }
+async function hashPassword(password: string, salt: string): Promise<string> { return (await scryptAsync(password, salt, 64)).toString('hex'); }
 function timingEqual(a: string, b: string): boolean {
   const ab = Buffer.from(a), bb = Buffer.from(b);
   return ab.length === bb.length && crypto.timingSafeEqual(ab, bb);
@@ -37,20 +44,65 @@ export interface AuthError { ok: false; code: string; message: string }
 export class AccountStore {
   private users = new Map<string, User>(); // key: lowercased username
   private byId = new Map<string, User>();
+  private byToken = new Map<string, User>(); // sha256(token) → user, for O(1) auth lookups
   private queue: Promise<unknown> = Promise.resolve();
   private loaded = false;
-  constructor(private dir: string, private now: () => number = () => Date.now(), private admins: string[] = []) {}
+  constructor(private dir: string, private now: () => number = () => Date.now(), private admins: string[] = [], private maxUsers = Infinity) {}
 
   private usersFile() { return path.join(this.dir, 'users.json'); }
   private blobFile(id: string) { return path.join(this.dir, 'blobs', `${id}.json`); }
 
   isAdmin(username: string): boolean { return this.admins.includes(username.toLowerCase()); }
 
+  /** This user's storage limit: their admin override, else the instance default. */
+  quotaFor(u: User): number { return u.quotaBytes && u.quotaBytes > 0 ? u.quotaBytes : DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES; }
+
+  /** Whether a new account can be created (registration is open under the cap). */
+  atCapacity(): boolean { return this.users.size >= this.maxUsers; }
+
   async listUsers(): Promise<Array<{ id: string; username: string; quotaBytes?: number }>> {
     await this.load();
     return [...this.users.values()].map((u) => ({ id: u.id, username: u.username, ...(u.quotaBytes ? { quotaBytes: u.quotaBytes } : {}) }));
   }
 
+  /** Admin detail rows — everything the panel shows except usage (caller joins that). */
+  async listUsersDetailed(): Promise<Array<{ id: string; username: string; createdAt: number; updatedAt: number; quotaBytes: number; tokenCount: number; admin: boolean }>> {
+    await this.load();
+    return [...this.users.values()].map((u) => ({
+      id: u.id, username: u.username, createdAt: u.createdAt, updatedAt: u.updatedAt,
+      quotaBytes: u.quotaBytes ?? 0, tokenCount: u.tokens.length, admin: this.isAdmin(u.username),
+    }));
+  }
+
+  /** Invalidate every session token for a user ("log out everywhere"). */
+  async revokeTokens(username: string): Promise<boolean> {
+    await this.load();
+    const u = this.users.get(username.toLowerCase());
+    if (!u) return false;
+    for (const h of u.tokens) this.byToken.delete(h);
+    u.tokens = [];
+    u.updatedAt = this.now();
+    await this.persist();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Delete an account and its backup blob. Admin accounts can't be deleted from the
+   * panel (protects against lockout + a compromised admin nuking another admin).
+   * Returns the removed user's id so the caller can purge their cloud data too.
+   */
+  async deleteUser(username: string): Promise<string | null> {
+    await this.load();
+    const u = this.users.get(username.toLowerCase());
+    if (!u || this.isAdmin(u.username)) return null;
+    for (const h of u.tokens) this.byToken.delete(h);
+    this.users.delete(u.username.toLowerCase());
+    this.byId.delete(u.id);
+    try { await fs.unlink(this.blobFile(u.id)); } catch { /* no blob */ }
+    await this.persist();
+    return u.id;
+  }
+
   async setQuota(username: string, bytes: number): Promise<boolean> {
     await this.load();
     const u = this.users.get(username.toLowerCase());
@@ -72,8 +124,15 @@ export class AccountStore {
     try {
       const raw = await fs.readFile(this.usersFile(), 'utf8');
       const arr = JSON.parse(raw) as User[];
-      for (const u of arr) { this.users.set(u.username.toLowerCase(), u); this.byId.set(u.id, u); }
+      for (const u of arr) {
-    } catch { /* no file yet */ }
+        this.users.set(u.username.toLowerCase(), u);
+        this.byId.set(u.id, u);
+        for (const h of u.tokens) this.byToken.set(h, u);
+      }
+    } catch (e) {
+      // ENOENT on first boot is expected; anything else is a real problem worth seeing.
+      if ((e as NodeJS.ErrnoException)?.code !== 'ENOENT') console.error('[accounts] load failed', e);
+    }
   }
 
   private persist(): Promise<void> {
@@ -82,14 +141,19 @@ export class AccountStore {
       const tmp = `${this.usersFile()}.tmp`;
       await fs.writeFile(tmp, JSON.stringify([...this.users.values()]));
       await fs.rename(tmp, this.usersFile());
-    }).catch(() => {});
+    }).catch((e) => { console.error('[accounts] persist failed — data may be lost on restart', e); });
     return this.queue as Promise<void>;
   }
 
   private issueToken(u: User): string {
     const token = crypto.randomBytes(32).toString('base64url');
-    u.tokens.push(sha256(token));
+    const h = sha256(token);
-    if (u.tokens.length > MAX_TOKENS) u.tokens = u.tokens.slice(-MAX_TOKENS);
+    u.tokens.push(h);
+    this.byToken.set(h, u);
+    if (u.tokens.length > MAX_TOKENS) {
+      for (const stale of u.tokens.slice(0, u.tokens.length - MAX_TOKENS)) this.byToken.delete(stale);
+      u.tokens = u.tokens.slice(-MAX_TOKENS);
+    }
     u.updatedAt = this.now();
     return token;
   }
@@ -99,8 +163,9 @@ export class AccountStore {
     if (!USERNAME_RE.test(username)) return { ok: false, code: 'bad-username', message: 'Username must be 3–32 letters, digits, . _ or -.' };
     if (typeof password !== 'string' || password.length < 8) return { ok: false, code: 'weak-password', message: 'Password must be at least 8 characters.' };
     if (this.users.has(username.toLowerCase())) return { ok: false, code: 'taken', message: 'That username is taken.' };
+    if (this.atCapacity()) return { ok: false, code: 'closed', message: 'Registration is temporarily closed (instance at capacity).' };
     const salt = crypto.randomBytes(16).toString('hex');
-    const u: User = { id: crypto.randomUUID(), username, salt, hash: hashPassword(password, salt), tokens: [], createdAt: this.now(), updatedAt: this.now() };
+    const u: User = { id: crypto.randomUUID(), username, salt, hash: await hashPassword(password, salt), tokens: [], createdAt: this.now(), updatedAt: this.now() };
     const token = this.issueToken(u);
     this.users.set(username.toLowerCase(), u);
     this.byId.set(u.id, u);
@@ -111,7 +176,11 @@ export class AccountStore {
   async login(username: string, password: string): Promise<AuthResult | AuthError> {
     await this.load();
     const u = this.users.get((username ?? '').toLowerCase());
-    if (!u || !timingEqual(u.hash, hashPassword(password ?? '', u.salt))) return { ok: false, code: 'bad-credentials', message: 'Wrong username or password.' };
+    // Hash even when the user is unknown (against a throwaway salt) so the response
+    // time doesn't reveal whether a username exists.
+    const salt = u?.salt ?? 'absent';
+    const candidate = await hashPassword(password ?? '', salt);
+    if (!u || !timingEqual(u.hash, candidate)) return { ok: false, code: 'bad-credentials', message: 'Wrong username or password.' };
     const token = this.issueToken(u);
     await this.persist();
     return { ok: true, token, username: u.username };
@@ -120,15 +189,16 @@ export class AccountStore {
   async userByToken(token: string | undefined): Promise<User | null> {
     if (!token) return null;
     await this.load();
-    const h = sha256(token);
+    return this.byToken.get(sha256(token)) ?? null;
-    for (const u of this.users.values()) if (u.tokens.includes(h)) return u;
-    return null;
   }
 
   async logout(token: string): Promise<void> {
-    const u = await this.userByToken(token);
+    await this.load();
+    const h = sha256(token);
+    const u = this.byToken.get(h);
     if (!u) return;
-    u.tokens = u.tokens.filter((t) => t !== sha256(token));
+    u.tokens = u.tokens.filter((t) => t !== h);
+    this.byToken.delete(h);
     await this.persist();
   }
 

server/src/campaigns.test.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { describe, it, expect, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
 import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import os from 'node:os';
-import { CloudStore } from './campaigns';
+import { CloudStore, MAX_CHARACTER_BYTES } from './campaigns';
 
 describe('CloudStore', () => {
   let dir: string;
@@ -42,6 +42,43 @@ describe('CloudStore', () => {
     expect(await store.usageBytes('p1')).toBeGreaterThan(0);
   });
 
+  it('admin: lists, deletes campaigns, and purges a user wholesale', async () => {
+    const mine = await store.createCampaign('gm1', 'Mine', '5e');
+    const theirs = await store.createCampaign('gm2', 'Theirs', 'pf2e');
+    await store.joinByInvite('gm1', theirs.inviteCode); // gm1 is also a member elsewhere
+    await store.putCharacter('gm1', mine.id, { id: 'c1', name: 'A', data: '{"a":1}' });
+    await store.putCharacter('gm1', theirs.id, { id: 'c2', name: 'B', data: '{"b":2}' });
+
+    const rows = await store.adminList();
+    expect(rows).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(rows.find((r) => r.id === mine.id)).toMatchObject({ characters: 1, members: 0 });
+
+    // Purging gm1 removes the campaign they OWN (+ its chars), their membership,
+    // and their characters published in other campaigns.
+    const purged = await store.purgeUser('gm1');
+    expect(purged).toEqual({ campaigns: 1, characters: 2 });
+    expect(store.isMember(theirs.id, 'gm1')).toBe(false);
+    expect(await store.joinByInvite('p9', mine.inviteCode)).toBeNull(); // invite dead
+    expect((await store.totals()).campaigns).toBe(1);
+
+    expect(await store.deleteCampaign(theirs.id)).toBe(true);
+    expect(await store.deleteCampaign(theirs.id)).toBe(false); // already gone
+    expect((await store.totals()).campaigns).toBe(0);
+  });
+
+  it('rejects an oversized character and reports usage deltas', async () => {
+    const c = await store.createCampaign('gm1', 'C', '5e');
+    await store.joinByInvite('p1', c.inviteCode);
+    const huge = 'x'.repeat(MAX_CHARACTER_BYTES + 1);
+    expect(await store.putCharacter('p1', c.id, { id: 'big', name: 'Big', data: huge })).toBeNull();
+    expect(await store.characterBytes('big')).toBe(0); // nothing stored
+
+    await store.putCharacter('p1', c.id, { id: 'ch1', name: 'Lia', data: '{"hp":1}' });
+    expect(store.ownsCharacter('p1', 'ch1')).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.ownsCharacter('p2', 'ch1')).toBe(false);
+    expect(await store.characterBytes('ch1')).toBe(Buffer.byteLength('{"hp":1}'));
+  });
+
   it('lets the char owner or campaign owner delete; persists across instances', async () => {
     const c = await store.createCampaign('gm1', 'C', '5e');
     await store.joinByInvite('p1', c.inviteCode);

server/src/campaigns.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ export interface CloudCharacter {
 }
 
 const INVITE_ALPHABET = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789';
+/** A single published character can't exceed this (a sheet with an embedded portrait
+ *  is well under 2 MB); a hard stop before per-user quota even comes into play. */
+export const MAX_CHARACTER_BYTES = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
 
 export class CloudStore {
   private campaigns = new Map<string, CloudCampaign>();
@@ -50,7 +53,9 @@ export class CloudStore {
       const raw = JSON.parse(await fs.readFile(this.file(), 'utf8')) as { campaigns: CloudCampaign[]; characters: CloudCharacter[] };
       for (const c of raw.campaigns ?? []) { this.campaigns.set(c.id, c); this.byInvite.set(c.inviteCode, c.id); }
       for (const ch of raw.characters ?? []) this.characters.set(ch.id, ch);
-    } catch { /* no file yet */ }
+    } catch (e) {
+      if ((e as NodeJS.ErrnoException)?.code !== 'ENOENT') console.error('[cloud] load failed', e);
+    }
   }
 
   private persist(): Promise<void> {
@@ -59,7 +64,7 @@ export class CloudStore {
       const tmp = `${this.file()}.tmp`;
       await fs.writeFile(tmp, JSON.stringify({ campaigns: [...this.campaigns.values()], characters: [...this.characters.values()] }));
       await fs.rename(tmp, this.file());
-    }).catch(() => {});
+    }).catch((e) => { console.error('[cloud] persist failed — data may be lost on restart', e); });
     return this.queue as Promise<void>;
   }
 
@@ -140,6 +145,7 @@ export class CloudStore {
   async putCharacter(userId: string, campaignId: string, char: { id: string; name: string; data: string }): Promise<CloudCharacter | null> {
     await this.load();
     if (!this.isMember(campaignId, userId)) return null;
+    if (Buffer.byteLength(char.data) > MAX_CHARACTER_BYTES) return null; // oversized blob — reject
     const existing = this.characters.get(char.id);
     if (existing && existing.ownerUserId !== userId) return null; // only the owner may update
     const record: CloudCharacter = { id: char.id, campaignId, ownerUserId: existing?.ownerUserId ?? userId, name: char.name.slice(0, 120), data: char.data, updatedAt: this.now() };
@@ -163,6 +169,70 @@ export class CloudStore {
     return true;
   }
 
+  /** Byte size of one stored character's data (0 if it doesn't exist) — for quota deltas. */
+  async characterBytes(characterId: string): Promise<number> {
+    await this.load();
+    const ch = this.characters.get(characterId);
+    return ch ? Buffer.byteLength(ch.data) : 0;
+  }
+
+  /** Whether the user already owns a published character with this id. */
+  ownsCharacter(userId: string, characterId: string): boolean {
+    return this.characters.get(characterId)?.ownerUserId === userId;
+  }
+
+  /** Admin overview rows: every campaign with member/character counts + stored bytes. */
+  async adminList(): Promise<Array<{ id: string; name: string; system: string; ownerUserId: string; members: number; characters: number; bytes: number; createdAt: number; updatedAt: number }>> {
+    await this.load();
+    return [...this.campaigns.values()].map((c) => {
+      let characters = 0, bytes = 0;
+      for (const ch of this.characters.values()) if (ch.campaignId === c.id) { characters++; bytes += Buffer.byteLength(ch.data); }
+      return { id: c.id, name: c.name, system: c.system, ownerUserId: c.ownerUserId, members: c.members.length, characters, bytes, createdAt: c.createdAt, updatedAt: c.updatedAt };
+    });
+  }
+
+  /** Admin: delete a campaign and every character published into it. */
+  async deleteCampaign(campaignId: string): Promise<boolean> {
+    await this.load();
+    const c = this.campaigns.get(campaignId);
+    if (!c) return false;
+    this.byInvite.delete(c.inviteCode);
+    this.campaigns.delete(campaignId);
+    for (const [id, ch] of this.characters) if (ch.campaignId === campaignId) this.characters.delete(id);
+    await this.persist();
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Admin: purge everything a deleted user left behind — campaigns they own (with
+   * those campaigns' characters), their memberships, and their published characters.
+   */
+  async purgeUser(userId: string): Promise<{ campaigns: number; characters: number }> {
+    await this.load();
+    let campaigns = 0, characters = 0;
+    for (const [id, c] of [...this.campaigns]) {
+      if (c.ownerUserId === userId) {
+        campaigns++;
+        this.byInvite.delete(c.inviteCode);
+        this.campaigns.delete(id);
+        for (const [chId, ch] of [...this.characters]) if (ch.campaignId === id) { this.characters.delete(chId); characters++; }
+      } else if (c.members.includes(userId)) {
+        c.members = c.members.filter((m) => m !== userId);
+      }
+    }
+    for (const [chId, ch] of [...this.characters]) if (ch.ownerUserId === userId) { this.characters.delete(chId); characters++; }
+    await this.persist();
+    return { campaigns, characters };
+  }
+
+  /** Instance-wide totals for the admin overview. */
+  async totals(): Promise<{ campaigns: number; characters: number; bytes: number }> {
+    await this.load();
+    let bytes = 0;
+    for (const ch of this.characters.values()) bytes += Buffer.byteLength(ch.data);
+    return { campaigns: this.campaigns.size, characters: this.characters.size, bytes };
+  }
+
   /** Total bytes a user is responsible for (their characters' data) — for usage tracking. */
   async usageBytes(userId: string): Promise<number> {
     await this.load();

server/src/index.ts

@@ -4,17 +4,22 @@ import fastifyWebsocket from '@fastify/websocket';
 import fastifyStatic from '@fastify/static';
 import type { FastifyRequest } from 'fastify';
 import { clientMessageSchema, type ServerMessage } from '@/lib/sync/messages';
+import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs';
 import { RoomHub, type Sender } from './rooms';
-import { AccountStore } from './accounts';
+import { AccountStore, DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES } from './accounts';
-import { CloudStore } from './campaigns';
+import { CloudStore, MAX_CHARACTER_BYTES } from './campaigns';
 
 const PORT = Number(process.env.PORT ?? 8787);
 const STATIC_DIR = path.resolve(process.env.STATIC_DIR ?? path.join(process.cwd(), 'dist'));
 const DATA_DIR = path.resolve(process.env.DATA_DIR ?? path.join(process.cwd(), 'data'));
 const MAX_PAYLOAD = 12 * 1024 * 1024; // 12 MB (map images over WS)
-const BODY_LIMIT = 48 * 1024 * 1024; // 48 MB (cloud backup blobs)
+const BODY_LIMIT = 32 * 1024 * 1024; // 32 MB (cloud backup blobs; > the per-user quota)
 const ALLOWED_ORIGINS = (process.env.ALLOWED_ORIGINS ?? '').split(',').map((s) => s.trim()).filter(Boolean);
 const ADMIN_USERS = (process.env.ADMIN_USERS ?? '').split(',').map((s) => s.trim().toLowerCase()).filter(Boolean);
+const MAX_USERS = Number(process.env.MAX_USERS) || Infinity;
+// Concurrent WebSocket connections allowed from one client IP — generous for a
+// household sharing a NAT, but a hard stop on socket-spam room/image floods.
+const MAX_WS_PER_IP = Number(process.env.MAX_WS_PER_IP) || 20;
 
 const bearer = (req: FastifyRequest): string | undefined => {
   const h = req.headers.authorization;
@@ -29,30 +34,49 @@ const RATE = { capacity: 80, refillMs: 10_000 };
 const HEARTBEAT_MS = 30_000;
 
 export function buildServer() {
-  const app = Fastify({ bodyLimit: BODY_LIMIT });
+  // trustProxy: behind Traefik the socket peer is the proxy, so without this every
+  // visitor shares one rate-limit bucket. Trust the proxy's X-Forwarded-For so
+  // req.ip is the real client. Only Traefik can reach the container, so this is safe.
+  const app = Fastify({ bodyLimit: BODY_LIMIT, trustProxy: true });
   const hub = new RoomHub();
-  const accounts = new AccountStore(DATA_DIR, undefined, ADMIN_USERS);
+  const accounts = new AccountStore(DATA_DIR, undefined, ADMIN_USERS, MAX_USERS);
   void accounts.load();
   const cloud = new CloudStore(DATA_DIR);
   void cloud.load();
-  const sweeper = setInterval(() => hub.sweep(), 5 * 60 * 1000);
+  const sweeper = setInterval(() => { hub.sweep(); pruneRateBuckets(); }, 5 * 60 * 1000);
   app.addHook('onClose', async () => clearInterval(sweeper));
 
-  // Simple per-IP throttle for the account/cloud API.
+  // Per-IP throttle for the account/cloud API. Auth endpoints get a tighter bucket
+  // since each call does password hashing and is the target of credential-stuffing.
   const ipHits = new Map<string, { n: number; reset: number }>();
+  const authHits = new Map<string, { n: number; reset: number }>();
+  const AUTH_PATHS = new Set(['/api/register', '/api/login']);
+  const bump = (map: Map<string, { n: number; reset: number }>, ip: string, limit: number, windowMs: number): boolean => {
+    const now = Date.now();
+    const e = map.get(ip);
+    if (!e || now > e.reset) { map.set(ip, { n: 1, reset: now + windowMs }); return true; }
+    return ++e.n <= limit;
+  };
+  const pruneRateBuckets = () => {
+    const now = Date.now();
+    for (const [ip, e] of ipHits) if (now > e.reset) ipHits.delete(ip);
+    for (const [ip, e] of authHits) if (now > e.reset) authHits.delete(ip);
+  };
   app.addHook('onRequest', async (req, reply) => {
     if (!req.url.startsWith('/api/')) return;
-    const now = Date.now();
+    if (!bump(ipHits, req.ip, 60, 60_000)) return reply.code(429).send({ error: 'rate' });
-    const e = ipHits.get(req.ip);
+    // Strip the querystring before matching the auth path.
-    if (!e || now > e.reset) ipHits.set(req.ip, { n: 1, reset: now + 60_000 });
+    const path0 = req.url.split('?')[0]!;
-    else if (++e.n > 60) await reply.code(429).send({ error: 'rate' });
+    if (AUTH_PATHS.has(path0) && !bump(authHits, req.ip, 10, 60_000)) {
+      return reply.code(429).send({ error: 'rate', message: 'Too many attempts — wait a minute and try again.' });
+    }
   });
 
   // ---- accounts + cloud backup sync ----
   app.post('/api/register', async (req, reply) => {
     const { username, password } = (req.body ?? {}) as { username?: string; password?: string };
     const r = await accounts.register(String(username ?? ''), String(password ?? ''));
-    if (!r.ok) return reply.code(400).send({ error: r.code, message: r.message });
+    if (!r.ok) return reply.code(r.code === 'closed' ? 503 : 400).send({ error: r.code, message: r.message });
     return { token: r.token, username: r.username };
   });
   app.post('/api/login', async (req, reply) => {
@@ -67,6 +91,11 @@ export function buildServer() {
     if (!u) return reply.code(401).send({ error: 'unauthorized' });
     const body = (req.body as { blob?: string; baseSavedAt?: number | null } | undefined) ?? {};
     if (typeof body.blob !== 'string') return reply.code(400).send({ error: 'bad-blob' });
+    // Quota: the backup blob plus the user's published characters must fit their limit.
+    const projected = Buffer.byteLength(body.blob) + (await cloud.usageBytes(u.id));
+    if (projected > accounts.quotaFor(u)) {
+      return reply.code(413).send({ error: 'quota', message: 'Cloud storage limit reached. Trim old data or ask the admin to raise your quota.', limit: accounts.quotaFor(u) });
+    }
     // Optimistic concurrency: if the caller names the version it last synced and
     // the cloud has since moved on (another device pushed), refuse — no silent
     // overwrite. The client then resolves (pull, or force-push).
@@ -121,8 +150,15 @@ export function buildServer() {
     const u = await userOf(req); if (!u) return reply.code(401).send({ error: 'unauthorized' });
     const { campaignId, character } = (req.body ?? {}) as { campaignId?: string; character?: { id?: string; name?: string; data?: string } };
     if (!campaignId || !character?.id || typeof character.data !== 'string') return reply.code(400).send({ error: 'bad-request' });
+    if (Buffer.byteLength(character.data) > MAX_CHARACTER_BYTES) return reply.code(413).send({ error: 'too-large', message: 'That character is too large to publish.' });
+    // Quota: total usage after this upsert (replace the old copy's bytes with the new).
+    const delta = Buffer.byteLength(character.data) - (cloud.ownsCharacter(u.id, character.id) ? await cloud.characterBytes(character.id) : 0);
+    const projected = (await accounts.blobBytes(u.id)) + (await cloud.usageBytes(u.id)) + delta;
+    if (projected > accounts.quotaFor(u)) {
+      return reply.code(413).send({ error: 'quota', message: 'Cloud storage limit reached.', limit: accounts.quotaFor(u) });
+    }
     const r = await cloud.putCharacter(u.id, campaignId, { id: character.id, name: String(character.name ?? ''), data: character.data });
-    if (!r) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden', message: 'Not a member, or you do not own that character.' });
+    if (!r) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden', message: 'Not a member, you do not own that character, or it is too large.' });
     return { ok: true, updatedAt: r.updatedAt };
   });
   app.get('/api/campaigns/:id/characters', async (req, reply) => {
@@ -141,31 +177,110 @@ export function buildServer() {
   app.get('/api/usage', async (req, reply) => {
     const u = await userOf(req); if (!u) return reply.code(401).send({ error: 'unauthorized' });
     const bytes = (await accounts.blobBytes(u.id)) + (await cloud.usageBytes(u.id));
-    return { bytes, admin: accounts.isAdmin(u.username) };
+    return { bytes, quota: accounts.quotaFor(u), admin: accounts.isAdmin(u.username) };
+  });
+
+  // ---- admin panel API (accounts in ADMIN_USERS only) ----
+  const startedAt = Date.now();
+  const adminOf = async (req: FastifyRequest) => {
+    const u = await userOf(req);
+    return u && accounts.isAdmin(u.username) ? u : null;
+  };
+  /** Recursive byte total of the data dir (users.json + cloud.json + blobs). */
+  const dirBytes = async (dir: string): Promise<number> => {
+    let total = 0;
+    try {
+      for (const e of await fs.readdir(dir, { withFileTypes: true })) {
+        const p = path.join(dir, e.name);
+        if (e.isDirectory()) total += await dirBytes(p);
+        else total += (await fs.stat(p)).size.valueOf();
+      }
+    } catch { /* missing dir = 0 */ }
+    return total;
+  };
+
+  app.get('/api/admin/overview', async (req, reply) => {
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    const mem = process.memoryUsage();
+    const roomStats = hub.stats();
+    const totals = await cloud.totals();
+    return {
+      uptimeMs: Date.now() - startedAt,
+      memory: { rss: mem.rss, heapUsed: mem.heapUsed },
+      dataDirBytes: await dirBytes(DATA_DIR),
+      users: { count: accounts.userCount(), max: Number.isFinite(MAX_USERS) ? MAX_USERS : null },
+      defaultQuotaBytes: DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES,
+      campaigns: totals.campaigns,
+      characters: totals.characters,
+      characterBytes: totals.bytes,
+      rooms: {
+        count: roomStats.length,
+        players: roomStats.reduce((n, r) => n + r.players, 0),
+        imageBytes: roomStats.reduce((n, r) => n + r.imageBytes, 0),
+      },
+    };
   });
 
-  // ---- owner admin: usage overview + per-user quota override (tracked, not yet enforced) ----
   app.get('/api/admin/users', async (req, reply) => {
-    const u = await userOf(req); if (!u) return reply.code(401).send({ error: 'unauthorized' });
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
-    if (!accounts.isAdmin(u.username)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    const users = await accounts.listUsersDetailed();
-    const users = await accounts.listUsers();
     const rows = await Promise.all(users.map(async (x) => ({
       username: x.username,
+      admin: x.admin,
+      createdAt: x.createdAt,
       usageBytes: (await accounts.blobBytes(x.id)) + (await cloud.usageBytes(x.id)),
-      quotaBytes: x.quotaBytes ?? 0,
+      quotaBytes: x.quotaBytes,
+      effectiveQuota: x.quotaBytes > 0 ? x.quotaBytes : DEFAULT_QUOTA_BYTES,
+      tokenCount: x.tokenCount,
     })));
     return { users: rows.sort((a, b) => b.usageBytes - a.usageBytes) };
   });
+
   app.post('/api/admin/quota', async (req, reply) => {
-    const u = await userOf(req); if (!u) return reply.code(401).send({ error: 'unauthorized' });
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
-    if (!accounts.isAdmin(u.username)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
     const { username, quotaBytes } = (req.body ?? {}) as { username?: string; quotaBytes?: number };
     const ok = await accounts.setQuota(String(username ?? ''), Number(quotaBytes) || 0);
     return ok ? { ok: true } : reply.code(404).send({ error: 'no-user' });
   });
 
+  app.post('/api/admin/users/:username/revoke', async (req, reply) => {
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    const ok = await accounts.revokeTokens((req.params as { username: string }).username);
+    return ok ? { ok: true } : reply.code(404).send({ error: 'no-user' });
+  });
+
+  app.delete('/api/admin/users/:username', async (req, reply) => {
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    const name = (req.params as { username: string }).username;
+    const id = await accounts.deleteUser(name);
+    if (!id) return reply.code(400).send({ error: 'cannot-delete', message: 'No such user, or the account is an admin.' });
+    const purged = await cloud.purgeUser(id);
+    return { ok: true, purged };
+  });
+
+  app.get('/api/admin/campaigns', async (req, reply) => {
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    const byId = new Map((await accounts.listUsers()).map((x) => [x.id, x.username]));
+    const rows = (await cloud.adminList()).map((c) => ({ ...c, owner: byId.get(c.ownerUserId) ?? '(deleted)' }));
+    return { campaigns: rows.sort((a, b) => b.updatedAt - a.updatedAt) };
+  });
+
+  app.delete('/api/admin/campaigns/:id', async (req, reply) => {
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    const ok = await cloud.deleteCampaign((req.params as { id: string }).id);
+    return ok ? { ok: true } : reply.code(404).send({ error: 'no-campaign' });
+  });
+
+  app.get('/api/admin/rooms', async (req, reply) => {
+    if (!await adminOf(req)) return reply.code(403).send({ error: 'forbidden' });
+    return { rooms: hub.stats() };
+  });
+
   void app.register(fastifyWebsocket, { options: { maxPayload: MAX_PAYLOAD } });
 
+  // Live WebSocket connections per client IP — a hard cap on socket-spam.
+  const wsPerIp = new Map<string, number>();
+
   void app.register(async (instance) => {
     instance.get('/ws', { websocket: true }, (socket, req) => {
       // Anti-CSWSH: reject cross-origin upgrades when an allowlist is configured.
@@ -174,6 +289,11 @@ export function buildServer() {
         socket.close(1008, 'origin');
         return;
       }
+      const ip = req.ip;
+      const live = wsPerIp.get(ip) ?? 0;
+      if (live >= MAX_WS_PER_IP) { socket.close(1013, 'too-many'); return; }
+      wsPerIp.set(ip, live + 1);
+      const releaseIp = () => { const n = (wsPerIp.get(ip) ?? 1) - 1; if (n <= 0) wsPerIp.delete(ip); else wsPerIp.set(ip, n); };
       const sender: Sender = { send: (msg: ServerMessage) => { try { socket.send(JSON.stringify(msg)); } catch { /* closed */ } } };
       let tokens = RATE.capacity;
       const refill = setInterval(() => { tokens = RATE.capacity; }, RATE.refillMs);
@@ -209,11 +329,11 @@ export function buildServer() {
           case 'setName': hub.setName(sender, m.name); break;
         }
       });
-      socket.on('close', () => { clearInterval(refill); clearInterval(heartbeat); hub.disconnect(sender); });
+      socket.on('close', () => { clearInterval(refill); clearInterval(heartbeat); releaseIp(); hub.disconnect(sender); });
     });
   });
 
-  app.get('/healthz', async () => ({ ok: true, rooms: hub.roomCount() }));
+  app.get('/healthz', async () => ({ ok: true }));
 
   // Serve the built SPA with history fallback (so /play?room=... deep-links work).
   void app.register(fastifyStatic, { root: STATIC_DIR, wildcard: false });

server/src/rooms.test.ts

@@ -92,6 +92,31 @@ describe('RoomHub', () => {
     expect(hub.roomCount()).toBe(0);
   });
 
+  it('caps the number of concurrent rooms', () => {
+    const hub = new RoomHub(() => 0, { maxRooms: 2 });
+    const a = fake(); hub.host(a);
+    const b = fake(); hub.host(b);
+    expect(hub.roomCount()).toBe(2);
+    const c = fake(); hub.host(c);
+    expect(hub.roomCount()).toBe(2); // refused
+    expect(lastOf(c, 'error')).toMatchObject({ code: 'busy' });
+    expect(lastOf(c, 'hosted')).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it('caps per-room image count and total bytes', () => {
+    const hub = new RoomHub(() => 0, { maxImagesPerRoom: 2, maxRoomImageBytes: 100 });
+    const gm = fake(); hub.host(gm);
+    const { gmSecret } = lastOf(gm, 'hosted') as Extract<ServerMessage, { t: 'hosted' }>;
+    hub.image(gm, gmSecret, 'm1', 'x'.repeat(40));
+    hub.image(gm, gmSecret, 'm2', 'x'.repeat(40)); // total 80 ≤ 100, count 2 ≤ 2
+    expect(lastOf(gm, 'error')).toBeUndefined();
+    hub.image(gm, gmSecret, 'm3', 'x'.repeat(10)); // 3rd distinct image → count cap
+    expect(lastOf(gm, 'error')).toMatchObject({ code: 'image-limit' });
+    // overwriting an existing id is allowed, but not past the byte budget
+    hub.image(gm, gmSecret, 'm1', 'x'.repeat(90)); // 90 + 40 = 130 > 100 → rejected
+    expect(lastOf(gm, 'error')).toMatchObject({ code: 'image-limit' });
+  });
+
   it('routes a seat claim → GM grant → player gets their sheet', () => {
     const hub = new RoomHub();
     const { gm, player, secret } = hostAndJoin(hub);

server/src/rooms.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ interface Room {
   players: Set<Sender>;
   snapshot: Snapshot | null;
   images: Map<string, string>;
+  /** running total of bytes in `images`, kept so the cap is O(1) to check */
+  imageBytes: number;
   /** granted seats keyed by playerId */
   seats: Map<string, Seat>;
   /** seat requests awaiting GM approval (re-sent when the GM reconnects) */
@@ -43,6 +45,13 @@ interface Room {
 
 const JOIN_ALPHABET = 'ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789'; // no ambiguous chars
 const ROOM_TTL_MS = 6 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 6h idle
+// Memory guardrails so an anonymous GM can't balloon the (in-RAM) hub on a small box.
+export interface RoomLimits { maxRooms: number; maxImagesPerRoom: number; maxRoomImageBytes: number }
+const DEFAULT_LIMITS: RoomLimits = {
+  maxRooms: Number(process.env.MAX_ROOMS) || 200,
+  maxImagesPerRoom: 40,
+  maxRoomImageBytes: 40 * 1024 * 1024, // 40 MB of map images per room
+};
 
 function sha256(s: string): string {
   return crypto.createHash('sha256').update(s).digest('hex');
@@ -62,7 +71,10 @@ export class RoomHub {
   private rooms = new Map<string, Room>();
   private byCode = new Map<string, string>();
   private conns = new Map<Sender, { roomId: string; role: 'gm' | 'player'; playerId: string; name?: string }>();
-  constructor(private now: () => number = () => Date.now()) {}
+  private limits: RoomLimits;
+  constructor(private now: () => number = () => Date.now(), limits: Partial<RoomLimits> = {}) {
+    this.limits = { ...DEFAULT_LIMITS, ...limits };
+  }
 
   private mintJoinCode(): string {
     for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 50; attempt++) {
@@ -90,13 +102,19 @@ export class RoomHub {
         }
       }
     }
+    // Cap concurrent rooms so socket-spam can't exhaust memory. Idle rooms TTL out;
+    // a sweep runs first to reclaim any that just expired before we refuse.
+    if (this.rooms.size >= this.limits.maxRooms) {
+      this.sweep();
+      if (this.rooms.size >= this.limits.maxRooms) { socket.send({ t: 'error', code: 'busy', message: 'The server is at capacity — please try again shortly.' }); return; }
+    }
     const roomId = crypto.randomUUID();
     const joinCode = this.mintJoinCode();
     const gmSecret = crypto.randomBytes(32).toString('base64url');
     const room: Room = {
       roomId, joinCode, gmSecretHash: sha256(gmSecret),
       passwordHash: password ? sha256(password) : null,
-      gm: socket, players: new Set(), snapshot: null, images: new Map(),
+      gm: socket, players: new Set(), snapshot: null, images: new Map(), imageBytes: 0,
       seats: new Map(), pendingSeatRequests: [], lastActivity: this.now(),
     };
     this.rooms.set(roomId, room);
@@ -148,7 +166,17 @@ export class RoomHub {
   image(socket: Sender, gmSecret: string, id: string, dataUrl: string): void {
     const room = this.gmRoom(socket, gmSecret);
     if (!room) { socket.send({ t: 'error', code: 'forbidden', message: 'Not the GM of this room.' }); return; }
+    // Bound per-room image memory: cap the count of distinct images and the total bytes.
+    const size = Buffer.byteLength(dataUrl);
+    const prev = room.images.get(id);
+    const prevSize = prev ? Buffer.byteLength(prev) : 0;
+    const isNew = prev === undefined;
+    if ((isNew && room.images.size >= this.limits.maxImagesPerRoom) || room.imageBytes - prevSize + size > this.limits.maxRoomImageBytes) {
+      socket.send({ t: 'error', code: 'image-limit', message: 'This session has reached its map-image limit.' });
+      return;
+    }
     room.images.set(id, dataUrl);
+    room.imageBytes += size - prevSize;
     room.lastActivity = this.now();
     for (const p of room.players) p.send({ t: 'mapImage', id, dataUrl });
   }
@@ -319,6 +347,20 @@ export class RoomHub {
 
   roomCount(): number { return this.rooms.size; }
 
+  /** Admin overview of live rooms. Deliberately excludes join codes and secrets —
+   *  the admin can see load, not enter private games. */
+  stats(): Array<{ players: number; seats: number; images: number; imageBytes: number; idleMs: number; hasGm: boolean }> {
+    const now = this.now();
+    return [...this.rooms.values()].map((r) => ({
+      players: r.players.size,
+      seats: r.seats.size,
+      images: r.images.size,
+      imageBytes: r.imageBytes,
+      idleMs: Math.max(0, now - r.lastActivity),
+      hasGm: r.gm !== null,
+    }));
+  }
+
   private gmRoom(socket: Sender, gmSecret: string): Room | null {
     const conn = this.conns.get(socket);
     if (!conn || conn.role !== 'gm') return null;

src/app/RootLayout.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { Link, Outlet, useRouterState } from '@tanstack/react-router';
 import {
   Crown, LayoutDashboard, UserRound, Swords, Map as MapIcon, Dices, BookOpenText, RadioTower,
   LibraryBig, Settings as SettingsIcon, Search, PanelLeftClose, PanelLeftOpen, Sun, Moon, PanelRight,
-  ScrollText, Drama, Target, CalendarDays, FlaskConical, Sparkles, Wand2,
+  ScrollText, Drama, Target, CalendarDays, FlaskConical, Sparkles, Wand2, ShieldCheck,
   type LucideIcon,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useUiStore } from '@/stores/uiStore';
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import { SignalsBell } from '@/features/assistant/SignalsBell';
 import { SyncStatusIndicator } from '@/features/cloud/SyncStatusIndicator';
 import { SessionSidebar } from '@/features/play/SessionSidebar';
 import { useSessionStore } from '@/stores/sessionStore';
+import { useIsAdmin } from '@/features/admin/useIsAdmin';
 
 type NavItem = { to: string; label: string; icon: LucideIcon; exact: boolean; group: 'top' | 'play' | 'world' | 'reference' };
 const NAV: NavItem[] = [
@@ -100,6 +101,11 @@ export function RootLayout() {
   useSessionBroadcaster(activeCampaign ?? null);
   usePlayerConnection();
   useCloudAutosave();
+  // Instance admins get an extra nav entry (server re-checks every /api/admin call).
+  const isAdmin = useIsAdmin();
+  const nav: NavItem[] = isAdmin
+    ? [...NAV, { to: '/admin', label: 'Admin', icon: ShieldCheck, exact: false, group: 'reference' }]
+    : NAV;
 
   // Global Ctrl/Cmd+K opens the command palette.
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -148,7 +154,7 @@ export function RootLayout() {
               {GROUPS.map((group) => (
                 <div key={group.id}>
                   {group.label && showLabel && <div className="smallcaps hidden px-6 pt-4 pb-1.5 sm:block" style={{ fontSize: 9.5 }}>{group.label}</div>}
-                  {NAV.filter((n) => n.group === group.id).map((item) => {
+                  {nav.filter((n) => n.group === group.id).map((item) => {
                     const active = item.exact ? pathname === item.to : pathname.startsWith(item.to);
                     const Ico = item.icon;
                     return (

src/features/admin/AdminPage.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { Link } from '@tanstack/react-router';
+import { RefreshCw, ShieldCheck, Users, Database, RadioTower, Cpu, Star } from 'lucide-react';
+import { cloudUsername } from '@/lib/cloud/client';
+import {
+  adminOverview, adminUsers, adminCampaigns, adminRooms,
+  adminSetQuota, adminRevokeTokens, adminDeleteUser, adminDeleteCampaign,
+  type AdminOverview, type AdminUser, type AdminCampaign, type AdminRoom,
+} from '@/lib/cloud/admin';
+import { Page, PageHeader } from '@/components/ui/Page';
+import { Button } from '@/components/ui/Button';
+import { Input } from '@/components/ui/Input';
+
+function fmtBytes(b: number): string {
+  if (b >= 1e9) return `${(b / 1e9).toFixed(2)} GB`;
+  if (b >= 1e6) return `${(b / 1e6).toFixed(1)} MB`;
+  return `${Math.max(0, Math.round(b / 1024))} KB`;
+}
+function fmtAgo(ms: number): string {
+  const m = Math.floor(ms / 60_000);
+  if (m < 1) return 'just now';
+  if (m < 60) return `${m}m`;
+  const h = Math.floor(m / 60);
+  return h < 48 ? `${h}h ${m % 60}m` : `${Math.floor(h / 24)}d`;
+}
+const fmtDate = (t: number) => new Date(t).toLocaleDateString();
+
+/**
+ * Instance administration: server health, every account (storage, quota,
+ * sessions), shared campaigns, and live rooms. Server-gated to ADMIN_USERS —
+ * this page only renders what /api/admin/* is willing to return.
+ */
+export function AdminPage() {
+  const username = cloudUsername();
+  const [overview, setOverview] = useState<AdminOverview | null>(null);
+  const [users, setUsers] = useState<AdminUser[]>([]);
+  const [campaigns, setCampaigns] = useState<AdminCampaign[]>([]);
+  const [rooms, setRooms] = useState<AdminRoom[]>([]);
+  const [denied, setDenied] = useState(false);
+  const [msg, setMsg] = useState('');
+
+  const refresh = useCallback(() => {
+    setMsg('');
+    adminOverview().then(setOverview).catch(() => setDenied(true));
+    adminUsers().then((r) => setUsers(r.users)).catch(() => {});
+    adminCampaigns().then((r) => setCampaigns(r.campaigns)).catch(() => {});
+    adminRooms().then((r) => setRooms(r.rooms)).catch(() => {});
+  }, []);
+  useEffect(() => { if (username) refresh(); }, [username, refresh]);
+
+  if (!username) {
+    return (
+      <Page>
+        <PageHeader title="Admin" subtitle="Sign in with the admin account to manage this instance." />
+        <p className="text-sm text-muted">Go to <Link to="/settings" className="text-accent underline">Settings</Link> and sign in to the cloud first.</p>
+      </Page>
+    );
+  }
+  if (denied) {
+    return (
+      <Page>
+        <PageHeader title="Admin" />
+        <p className="text-sm text-warning">This account isn’t an instance admin. Admins are set with the <code className="rounded bg-elevated px-1">ADMIN_USERS</code> environment variable on the server.</p>
+      </Page>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Page>
+      <PageHeader
+        eyebrow="Instance"
+        title="Admin"
+        subtitle={`Signed in as ${username}`}
+        actions={<Button size="sm" variant="secondary" onClick={refresh}><RefreshCw size={14} aria-hidden /> Refresh</Button>}
+      />
+
+      {/* Server health */}
+      {overview && (
+        <div className="mb-6 grid grid-cols-2 gap-3 lg:grid-cols-4">
+          <StatCard icon={Users} label="Accounts" value={`${overview.users.count}${overview.users.max ? ` / ${overview.users.max}` : ''}`}
+            hint={`default quota ${fmtBytes(overview.defaultQuotaBytes)}`} />
+          <StatCard icon={Database} label="Stored data" value={fmtBytes(overview.dataDirBytes)}
+            hint={`${overview.campaigns} campaigns · ${overview.characters} published characters`} />
+          <StatCard icon={RadioTower} label="Live rooms" value={String(overview.rooms.count)}
+            hint={`${overview.rooms.players} players · ${fmtBytes(overview.rooms.imageBytes)} images in RAM`} />
+          <StatCard icon={Cpu} label="Memory (RSS)" value={fmtBytes(overview.memory.rss)}
+            hint={`heap ${fmtBytes(overview.memory.heapUsed)} · up ${fmtAgo(overview.uptimeMs)}`} />
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* Accounts */}
+      <Section icon={ShieldCheck} title={`Accounts (${users.length})`}>
+        <table className="w-full text-sm">
+          <thead>
+            <tr className="text-left text-xs text-muted">
+              <th className="py-1.5 font-medium">User</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Created</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Storage</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Quota (MB)</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Sessions</th>
+              <th className="font-medium" aria-label="Actions" />
+            </tr>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody>
+            {users.map((u) => (
+              <UserRow key={u.username} u={u} onChanged={refresh} onMsg={setMsg} />
+            ))}
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
+        {users.length === 0 && <p className="py-2 text-sm text-muted">No accounts yet.</p>}
+      </Section>
+
+      {/* Campaigns */}
+      <Section icon={Database} title={`Shared campaigns (${campaigns.length})`}>
+        <table className="w-full text-sm">
+          <thead>
+            <tr className="text-left text-xs text-muted">
+              <th className="py-1.5 font-medium">Campaign</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Owner</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Members</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Characters</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Size</th>
+              <th className="font-medium">Updated</th>
+              <th className="font-medium" aria-label="Actions" />
+            </tr>
+          </thead>
+          <tbody>
+            {campaigns.map((c) => (
+              <CampaignRow key={c.id} c={c} onChanged={refresh} onMsg={setMsg} />
+            ))}
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
+        {campaigns.length === 0 && <p className="py-2 text-sm text-muted">No shared campaigns yet.</p>}
+      </Section>
+
+      {/* Live rooms */}
+      <Section icon={RadioTower} title={`Live rooms (${rooms.length})`}>
+        {rooms.length === 0 ? (
+          <p className="py-2 text-sm text-muted">No active play sessions. Rooms expire after 6h idle.</p>
+        ) : (
+          <table className="w-full text-sm">
+            <thead>
+              <tr className="text-left text-xs text-muted">
+                <th className="py-1.5 font-medium">GM</th>
+                <th className="font-medium">Players</th>
+                <th className="font-medium">Seats</th>
+                <th className="font-medium">Map images</th>
+                <th className="font-medium">Idle</th>
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody>
+              {rooms.map((r, i) => (
+                <tr key={i} className="border-t border-line">
+                  <td className="py-1.5">{r.hasGm ? <span className="text-success">connected</span> : <span className="text-muted">away</span>}</td>
+                  <td>{r.players}</td>
+                  <td>{r.seats}</td>
+                  <td className="text-muted">{r.images} · {fmtBytes(r.imageBytes)}</td>
+                  <td className="text-muted">{fmtAgo(r.idleMs)}</td>
+                </tr>
+              ))}
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        )}
+        <p className="mt-1 text-[11px] text-muted">Rooms are anonymous by design — join codes and contents are never shown here.</p>
+      </Section>
+
+      {msg && <p className="mt-3 text-sm text-accent">{msg}</p>}
+    </Page>
+  );
+}
+
+function StatCard({ icon: Icon, label, value, hint }: { icon: typeof Users; label: string; value: string; hint: string }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-xl border border-line bg-panel p-4">
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 smallcaps"><Icon size={13} aria-hidden /> {label}</div>
+      <div className="mt-1 font-display text-2xl font-semibold text-ink">{value}</div>
+      <div className="mt-0.5 text-xs text-muted">{hint}</div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+function Section({ icon: Icon, title, children }: { icon: typeof Users; title: string; children: React.ReactNode }) {
+  return (
+    <section className="mb-6 rounded-xl border border-line bg-panel p-4">
+      <h2 className="mb-2 flex items-center gap-1.5 smallcaps"><Icon size={13} aria-hidden /> {title}</h2>
+      {children}
+    </section>
+  );
+}
+
+/** Destructive actions arm on the first click and fire on the second. */
+function ConfirmButton({ label, confirmLabel, onConfirm }: { label: string; confirmLabel: string; onConfirm: () => void }) {
+  const [armed, setArmed] = useState(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!armed) return;
+    const t = setTimeout(() => setArmed(false), 4000);
+    return () => clearTimeout(t);
+  }, [armed]);
+  return (
+    <Button size="sm" variant={armed ? 'danger' : 'ghost'} onClick={() => (armed ? onConfirm() : setArmed(true))}>
+      {armed ? confirmLabel : label}
+    </Button>
+  );
+}
+
+function UserRow({ u, onChanged, onMsg }: { u: AdminUser; onChanged: () => void; onMsg: (m: string) => void }) {
+  const [mb, setMb] = useState(u.quotaBytes ? String(Math.round(u.quotaBytes / 1e6)) : '');
+  const pct = Math.min(100, Math.round((u.usageBytes / Math.max(1, u.effectiveQuota)) * 100));
+  const act = (p: Promise<unknown>, done: string) => p.then(() => { onMsg(done); onChanged(); }).catch((e) => onMsg(e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Failed.'));
+  return (
+    <tr className="border-t border-line align-middle">
+      <td className="py-1.5 text-ink">
+        {u.username}
+        {u.admin && <span className="ml-1 inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 rounded bg-accent/10 px-1 text-[10px] text-accent"><Star size={9} aria-hidden /> admin</span>}
+      </td>
+      <td className="text-muted">{fmtDate(u.createdAt)}</td>
+      <td>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+          <div className="h-1.5 w-20 overflow-hidden rounded-full bg-elevated">
+            <div className={pct >= 90 ? 'h-full bg-warning' : 'h-full bg-accent'} style={{ width: `${pct}%` }} />
+          </div>
+          <span className="text-xs text-muted">{fmtBytes(u.usageBytes)} / {fmtBytes(u.effectiveQuota)}</span>
+        </div>
+      </td>
+      <td>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+          <Input className="w-20" value={mb} placeholder="default" aria-label={`Quota for ${u.username} in MB`} onChange={(e) => setMb(e.target.value)} />
+          <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={() => act(adminSetQuota(u.username, (Number(mb) || 0) * 1e6), `Quota for ${u.username} ${Number(mb) ? `set to ${mb} MB` : 'reset to default'}.`)}>Set</Button>
+        </div>
+      </td>
+      <td>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-1 text-muted">
+          {u.tokenCount}
+          {u.tokenCount > 0 && (
+            <ConfirmButton label="Revoke" confirmLabel="Log out everywhere?" onConfirm={() => act(adminRevokeTokens(u.username), `${u.username} signed out everywhere.`)} />
+          )}
+        </div>
+      </td>
+      <td className="text-right">
+        {!u.admin && (
+          <ConfirmButton label="Delete" confirmLabel="Delete account + data?" onConfirm={() => act(adminDeleteUser(u.username), `${u.username} deleted (account, backup, campaigns, characters).`)} />
+        )}
+      </td>
+    </tr>
+  );
+}
+
+function CampaignRow({ c, onChanged, onMsg }: { c: AdminCampaign; onChanged: () => void; onMsg: (m: string) => void }) {
+  return (
+    <tr className="border-t border-line">
+      <td className="py-1.5 text-ink">{c.name} <span className="text-[10px] uppercase text-muted">{c.system}</span></td>
+      <td className="text-muted">{c.owner}</td>
+      <td>{c.members}</td>
+      <td>{c.characters}</td>
+      <td className="text-muted">{fmtBytes(c.bytes)}</td>
+      <td className="text-muted">{fmtDate(c.updatedAt)}</td>
+      <td className="text-right">
+        <ConfirmButton label="Delete" confirmLabel="Delete campaign + characters?" onConfirm={() =>
+          adminDeleteCampaign(c.id).then(() => { onMsg(`Campaign “${c.name}” deleted.`); onChanged(); }).catch((e) => onMsg(e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Failed.'))} />
+      </td>
+    </tr>
+  );
+}

src/features/admin/useIsAdmin.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { cloudUsername } from '@/lib/cloud/client';
+import { getUsage } from '@/lib/cloud/campaigns';
+
+// Cache across mounts so the sidebar doesn't re-ask /api/usage on every navigation.
+let cached: boolean | null = null;
+
+/** Whether the signed-in cloud account is an instance admin (false while unknown). */
+export function useIsAdmin(): boolean {
+  const [isAdmin, setIsAdmin] = useState(cached === true);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (cached !== null || !cloudUsername()) return;
+    let on = true;
+    getUsage()
+      .then((u) => { cached = u.admin; if (on) setIsAdmin(u.admin); })
+      .catch(() => { /* signed out / offline — stay hidden */ });
+    return () => { on = false; };
+  }, []);
+  return isAdmin;
+}

src/features/characters/CharacterSheet.tsx

@@ -187,6 +187,12 @@ export function CharacterSheet({ character }: { character: Character }) {
         <Labeled label={c.system === 'pf2e' ? 'Ancestry' : 'Race'}>
           <Input value={c.ancestry} onChange={(e) => update({ ancestry: e.target.value })} />
         </Labeled>
+        {c.system === 'pf2e' && (
+          <Labeled label="Heritage">
+            {/* pre-migration rows lack the field — keep the input controlled */}
+            <Input value={c.heritage ?? ''} onChange={(e) => update({ heritage: e.target.value })} />
+          </Labeled>
+        )}
         {c.system === '5e' ? (
           <div className="sm:col-span-2"><ClassesEditor c={c} update={update} /></div>
         ) : (
@@ -231,7 +237,8 @@ export function CharacterSheet({ character }: { character: Character }) {
       <section className="mb-6">
         <div className="mb-3 flex items-center justify-between">
           <SectionTitle>Ability Scores</SectionTitle>
-          <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={() => setGenScores(true)}>Generate</Button>
+          {/* The generator (array/point-buy/4d6) is a 5e concept; PF2e scores come from boosts. */}
+          {c.system === '5e' && <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" onClick={() => setGenScores(true)}>Generate</Button>}
         </div>
         <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-3 sm:grid-cols-6">
           {ABILITIES.map((a) => {
@@ -413,18 +420,27 @@ export function CharacterSheet({ character }: { character: Character }) {
 
 function HpCard({ c, update }: { c: Character; update: (p: Partial<Character>) => void }) {
   const [delta, setDelta] = useState(0);
+  const eff = deriveEffectiveMaxHp({ system: c.system, baseMaxHp: c.hp.max, level: c.level, exhaustion: c.defenses.exhaustion, conditions: c.conditions });
+  const effMax = eff.max;
   const apply = (mode: 'damage' | 'heal') => {
     if (!Number.isFinite(delta) || delta <= 0) return;
     if (mode === 'damage') {
       const absorbed = Math.min(c.hp.temp, delta);
       update({ hp: { ...c.hp, temp: c.hp.temp - absorbed, current: c.hp.current - (delta - absorbed) } });
     } else {
-      update({ hp: { ...c.hp, current: Math.min(c.hp.max, c.hp.current + delta) } });
+      // Heal caps at the EFFECTIVE max (drained / exhaustion 4 reduce it).
+      const current = Math.min(effMax, c.hp.current + delta);
+      const patch: Partial<Character> = { hp: { ...c.hp, current } };
+      // pf2e: healing above 0 HP ends dying and wakes the character (pure bookkeeping).
+      // Losing the dying condition always increases wounded by 1.
+      if (c.system === 'pf2e' && c.hp.current <= 0 && current > 0) {
+        if (c.defenses.dying > 0) patch.defenses = { ...c.defenses, dying: 0, wounded: c.defenses.wounded + 1 };
+        patch.conditions = c.conditions.filter((x) => x.name.trim().toLowerCase() !== 'unconscious');
+      }
+      update(patch);
     }
     setDelta(0);
   };
-  const eff = deriveEffectiveMaxHp({ system: c.system, baseMaxHp: c.hp.max, level: c.level, exhaustion: c.defenses.exhaustion, conditions: c.conditions });
-  const effMax = eff.max;
   const ratio = effMax > 0 ? c.hp.current / effMax : 0;
   return (
     <div className="rounded-xl border border-line bg-panel p-4 text-center">

src/features/characters/builder/CreationWizard.tsx

@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ import { charactersRepo } from '@/lib/db/repositories';
 import {
   getSystem, ABILITY_ABBR, abilityModifier, buildCharacter, getClassDef, SYSTEM_OPTIONS,
   pf2eApplyBoosts, parseAncestryBoosts, parseBackgroundBoosts, parseFlaw,
+  bumpRank, collectChoices,
   type AbilityKey, type AbilityScores, type ProficiencyRank, type SystemId,
 } from '@/lib/rules';
+import { pf2eSkillIncreaseLevels } from '@/lib/rules/pf2e/progression';
 import { STANDARD_ARRAY, rollAbilityScores, pointBuyRemaining, POINT_BUY_MIN, POINT_BUY_MAX } from '@/lib/rules/abilityGen';
 import { loadClasses, loadRaces5e, loadBackgrounds5e, loadSpells, loadPf2e } from '@/lib/compendium';
 import type { RulesetClass } from '@/lib/ruleset/normalize';
@@ -179,6 +181,27 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
   const [classSlug, setClassSlug] = useState('');
   const [subclass, setSubclass] = useState('');
   const [ancestry, setAncestry] = useState('');
+  // PF2e heritage — chosen at level 1, refines the ancestry. Loaded lazily; the data
+  // carries no ancestry link, so we match by name ("Ancient-Blooded Dwarf") and always
+  // include versatile heritages (selectable by any ancestry).
+  const [heritage, setHeritage] = useState('');
+  const [allHeritages, setAllHeritages] = useState<{ name: string; summary: string; versatile: boolean }[]>([]);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (system !== 'pf2e' || allHeritages.length) return;
+    let on = true;
+    void loadPf2e('heritages').then((hs) => on && setAllHeritages(hs.map((h) => ({
+      name: String(h.name),
+      summary: briefOverview(String((h.summary ?? h.text) ?? '')),
+      versatile: /versatile heritage/i.test(String(h.text ?? h.summary ?? '')),
+    }))));
+    return () => { on = false; };
+  }, [system, allHeritages.length]);
+  const heritageOptions = useMemo(() => {
+    if (system !== 'pf2e' || !ancestry.trim()) return [];
+    const want = ancestry.trim().toLowerCase();
+    return allHeritages.filter((h) => h.name.toLowerCase().includes(want) || h.versatile);
+  }, [system, ancestry, allHeritages]);
+  useEffect(() => { setHeritage(''); }, [ancestry]); // a new ancestry invalidates the heritage
   const [background, setBackground] = useState('');
 
   const selectedClass = classes.find((c) => c.slug === classSlug) ?? null;
@@ -325,6 +348,43 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
   // Drop any free pick that becomes granted (e.g. after switching background).
   useEffect(() => { setSkills((prev) => prev.filter((k) => !grantedSkills.includes(k))); }, [grantedSkills]);
 
+  // Higher-level creation owes the picks earned along the way — collect them here
+  // rather than deferring to the level-up flow: PF2e skill increases (levels 3,5,7…)
+  // and 5e Expertise (Bard/Rogue, scaling with level).
+  const skillIncLevels = useMemo(
+    () => (system === 'pf2e' ? pf2eSkillIncreaseLevels().filter((l) => l <= level) : []),
+    [system, level],
+  );
+  const expertiseCount = useMemo(() => {
+    if (system !== '5e' || !selectedClass) return 0;
+    const ch = collectChoices('5e', [{ className: selectedClass.name, level }]).find((x) => x.key.endsWith(':expertise'));
+    return ch?.count ?? 0;
+  }, [system, selectedClass, level]);
+  const [skillIncPicks, setSkillIncPicks] = useState<string[]>([]);
+  const [expertisePicks, setExpertisePicks] = useState<string[]>([]);
+  useEffect(() => { setSkillIncPicks([]); setExpertisePicks([]); }, [classSlug, level, system]);
+  // Seed sensible defaults from the chosen/granted skills (kept once the user edits).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setExpertisePicks((prev) => Array.from({ length: expertiseCount }, (_, i) => prev[i] || skills[i] || skills[0] || ''));
+  }, [expertiseCount, skills]);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const pool = [...skills, ...grantedSkills];
+    setSkillIncPicks((prev) => skillIncLevels.map((_, i) => prev[i] || pool[i % Math.max(1, pool.length)] || ''));
+  }, [skillIncLevels, skills, grantedSkills]);
+  /** Skill ranks after base training + the first `uptoIdx` increases (for previews). */
+  const ranksAfterIncreases = (uptoIdx: number): Record<string, ProficiencyRank> => {
+    const r: Record<string, ProficiencyRank> = {};
+    for (const k of [...skills, ...grantedSkills]) r[k] = 'trained';
+    for (let i = 0; i < uptoIdx; i++) { const k = skillIncPicks[i]; if (k) r[k] = bumpRank(r[k] ?? 'untrained'); }
+    return r;
+  };
+  /** PF2e rank caps: master needs the increase earned at level 7+, legendary 15+. */
+  const incAllowed = (rank: ProficiencyRank, earnedAt: number): boolean =>
+    rank === 'untrained' || rank === 'trained' ? true
+    : rank === 'expert' ? earnedAt >= 7
+    : rank === 'master' ? earnedAt >= 15
+    : false;
+
   // ---- spells ----
   const [spellPicks, setSpellPicks] = useState<SpellOpt[]>([]);
   const [spellQuery, setSpellQuery] = useState('');
@@ -390,7 +450,9 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
     Class: !!selectedClass,
     Origin: true,
     Abilities: system === 'pf2e' ? true : poolValid && pbValid && asiRemaining >= 0,
-    Skills: skills.length === Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length),
+    Skills: skills.length === Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length)
+      && skillIncPicks.every(Boolean)
+      && expertisePicks.every(Boolean),
     Spells: true,
     Details: true,
     Review: true,
@@ -408,13 +470,19 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
       for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(selectedClass.saveRanks)) saveRanks[k] = v.toLowerCase() as ProficiencyRank;
     }
     const spells: SpellEntry[] = spellPicks.map((s) => newSpellEntry({ id: newId(), name: s.name, level: Math.min(10, Math.max(0, s.level)) }));
+    // Layer expertise (5e) and skill increases (pf2e) on top of the trained ranks.
+    const skillRanks: Record<string, ProficiencyRank> = { ...built.skillRanks };
+    for (const k of expertisePicks) if (k) skillRanks[k] = 'expert';
+    for (const k of skillIncPicks) if (k) skillRanks[k] = bumpRank(skillRanks[k] ?? 'untrained');
     await charactersRepo.update(created.id, {
       ...built,
+      skillRanks,
       abilityBuild: buildAbilityBuild(),
       ...(Object.keys(saveRanks).length ? { saveRanks } : {}),
       classes: [{ className: selectedClass.name, level, ...(subclass ? { subclass } : {}) }],
       spellcasting: { ...built.spellcasting, spells },
       ...(background ? { background } : {}),
+      ...(heritage ? { heritage } : {}),
       ...(alignment.trim() ? { alignment: alignment.trim() } : {}),
       ...(appearance.trim() ? { appearance: appearance.trim() } : {}),
       ...(personality.trim() ? { personality: personality.trim() } : {}),
@@ -540,6 +608,24 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
             <OriginPicker title={system === 'pf2e' ? 'Ancestry' : 'Race'} options={origins} value={ancestry} onPick={setAncestry} />
             <OriginPicker title="Background" options={backgrounds} value={background} onPick={setBackground} />
           </div>
+          {system === 'pf2e' && ancestry.trim() && heritageOptions.length > 0 && (
+            <div>
+              <Field label="Heritage (chosen at 1st level)">
+                <Select value={heritage} onChange={(e) => setHeritage(e.target.value)} aria-label="Heritage">
+                  <option value="">— pick a heritage —</option>
+                  {heritageOptions.map((h) => <option key={h.name} value={h.name}>{h.name}{h.versatile ? ' (versatile)' : ''}</option>)}
+                </Select>
+              </Field>
+              {heritage && (
+                <p className="mt-1 text-xs text-muted">{heritageOptions.find((h) => h.name === heritage)?.summary}</p>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          )}
+          {!ancestry.trim() && (
+            <p className="text-xs text-warning">
+              No {system === 'pf2e' ? 'ancestry' : 'race'} selected — you can continue (handy for homebrew), but its ability bonuses, HP, speed, and skills won’t be applied.
+            </p>
+          )}
           {selectedClass && selectedOrigin && (() => {
             const synergy = raceSynergyNote(selectedOrigin.meta ?? '', selectedClass.keyAbilities);
             if (!synergy) return null;
@@ -658,7 +744,17 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
               const value = base + racial + asi;
               const isKey = selectedClass?.keyAbilities.includes(a);
               const fMin = method === 'pointbuy' ? POINT_BUY_MIN : 1;
-              const fMax = method === 'pointbuy' ? POINT_BUY_MAX : 30;
+              // Point-buy caps each field at what the remaining budget can afford,
+              // so the user can't overspend and wonder why Next is disabled.
+              const fMax = method === 'pointbuy'
+                ? (() => {
+                    let best = pb[i]!;
+                    for (let cand = pb[i]! + 1; cand <= POINT_BUY_MAX; cand++) {
+                      if (pointBuyRemaining(pb.map((x, j) => (j === i ? cand : x))) >= 0) best = cand; else break;
+                    }
+                    return best;
+                  })()
+                : 30;
               return (
                 <div key={a} className={cn('rounded-lg border bg-surface p-3 text-center', isKey ? 'border-accent/60' : 'border-line')}>
                   <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-0.5 smallcaps">{ABILITY_ABBR[a]}{isKey && <Star size={10} className="text-accent" aria-hidden />}</div>
@@ -694,7 +790,9 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
 
       {stepName === 'Skills' && (
         <div>
-          <p className="mb-1 text-sm text-muted">Choose <span className="font-semibold text-ink">{Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length)}</span> {system === 'pf2e' ? 'Trained' : 'proficient'} {skillCount === 1 ? 'skill' : 'skills'} ({skills.length} selected).</p>
+          <p className="mb-1 text-sm text-muted">
+            Choose <span className="font-semibold text-ink">{Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length)}</span> {system === 'pf2e' ? 'Trained' : 'proficient'} {skillCount === 1 ? 'skill' : 'skills'} ({skills.length} selected{grantedSkillSources.length > 0 ? `, plus ${grantedSkillSources.length} already granted below` : ''}).
+          </p>
           <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-muted">{system === 'pf2e' ? 'These start at the Trained proficiency rank; you can raise ranks as you level up.' : 'You gain proficiency in these skills, adding your proficiency bonus to checks.'}</p>
           {grantedSkillSources.length > 0 && (
             <div className="mb-3 rounded-md border border-line bg-panel px-3 py-2">
@@ -708,13 +806,6 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
               </div>
             </div>
           )}
-          {level > 1 && (
-            <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-warning">
-              {system === 'pf2e'
-                ? 'Higher-level characters also gain skill increases at levels 3, 5, 7, 9… — apply those from the character sheet’s level-up flow.'
-                : 'Some classes gain extra skill/expertise picks as they level — apply those from the character sheet’s level-up flow.'}
-            </p>
-          )}
           {selectedClass && (() => {
             const tip = getClassTip(system, selectedClass.slug);
             return tip?.skillSuggestions ? (
@@ -736,13 +827,70 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
               );
             })}
           </div>
+          {skills.length < Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length) && (
+            <p className="mt-2 text-xs text-warning">Select {Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length) - skills.length} more {Math.min(skillCount, freeSkillOptions.length) - skills.length === 1 ? 'skill' : 'skills'} to continue.</p>
+          )}
+
+          {/* PF2e: skill increases earned by this level (3, 5, 7, …) — rank bumps. */}
+          {skillIncLevels.length > 0 && (
+            <div className="mt-4">
+              <p className="mb-1 text-sm text-ink">Skill increases <span className="text-muted">(earned at levels {skillIncLevels.join(', ')})</span></p>
+              <p className="mb-2 text-xs text-muted">Each increase raises one skill a rank (Master from level 7, Legendary from level 15).</p>
+              <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">
+                {skillIncLevels.map((earnedAt, i) => {
+                  const ranks = ranksAfterIncreases(i);
+                  return (
+                    <label key={i} className="text-xs text-muted">
+                      Level {earnedAt} increase
+                      <Select className="mt-0.5" aria-label={`Skill increase at level ${earnedAt}`} value={skillIncPicks[i] ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setSkillIncPicks((p) => p.map((v, j) => (j === i ? e.target.value : v)))}>
+                        {sys.skills.map((s) => {
+                          const cur = ranks[s.key] ?? 'untrained';
+                          const ok = incAllowed(cur, earnedAt);
+                          return <option key={s.key} value={s.key} disabled={!ok}>{s.label}: {cur} → {ok ? bumpRank(cur) : '(capped)'}</option>;
+                        })}
+                      </Select>
+                    </label>
+                  );
+                })}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
+
+          {/* 5e: Expertise picks (Bard/Rogue) — double proficiency on chosen skills. */}
+          {expertiseCount > 0 && (
+            <div className="mt-4">
+              <p className="mb-1 text-sm text-ink">Expertise <span className="text-muted">(choose {expertiseCount} — proficiency doubled)</span></p>
+              <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">
+                {Array.from({ length: expertiseCount }, (_, i) => (
+                  <Select key={i} aria-label={`Expertise skill ${i + 1}`} value={expertisePicks[i] ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setExpertisePicks((p) => p.map((v, j) => (j === i ? e.target.value : v)))}>
+                    <option value="">— pick a skill —</option>
+                    {[...skills, ...grantedSkills].map((k) => (
+                      <option key={k} value={k} disabled={expertisePicks.includes(k) && expertisePicks[i] !== k}>{skillLabel(k)}</option>
+                    ))}
+                  </Select>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
         </div>
       )}
 
       {stepName === 'Spells' && (
         <div>
           <p className="mb-1 text-sm text-muted">Pick your cantrips and a few starting spells — about <span className="font-semibold text-ink">{suggestedSpells}</span> is a good start at level {level}. Search by name; you can always adjust on the sheet later.</p>
-          <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-muted">These are the spells you <span className="text-ink">{system === 'pf2e' ? 'know (your repertoire)' : 'know (the spells you’ve learned)'}</span>. You prepare or cast them from slots on the character sheet.</p>
+          <p className="mb-1 text-xs text-muted">
+            {(() => {
+              // Prepared casters re-select daily from a book/list; known casters have a
+              // fixed repertoire. Different mental model, so spell out which applies.
+              const prepared = (system === '5e' ? ['cleric', 'druid', 'paladin', 'wizard', 'artificer'] : ['wizard', 'cleric', 'druid', 'witch', 'magus', 'animist'])
+                .includes((selectedClass?.name ?? '').toLowerCase());
+              return prepared ? (
+                <>As a <span className="text-ink">prepared caster</span>, these go into your {system === 'pf2e' ? 'spellbook/list' : 'spellbook'} — each day you prepare a subset on the sheet, so pick a versatile starting set.</>
+              ) : (
+                <>These are the spells you <span className="text-ink">know (your repertoire)</span> — a fixed list you cast from slots; you can swap picks when you level up.</>
+              );
+            })()}
+          </p>
           <p className={cn('mb-2 text-xs', spellPicks.length > suggestedSpells + 4 ? 'text-warning' : 'text-muted')}>
             {spellPicks.length} selected{spellPicks.length > suggestedSpells + 4 ? ' — that’s quite a few; you can trim some later if you like.' : ''}
           </p>
@@ -800,7 +948,11 @@ export function CreationWizard({ campaign, onClose }: { campaign?: Campaign | un
           </div>
           <Review label="Abilities" value={ABILITIES.map((a) => `${ABILITY_ABBR[a]} ${abilities[a]}`).join('  ')} />
           {background && <Review label="Background" value={background} />}
-          <Review label="Trained skills" value={skills.map(skillLabel).join(', ') || '—'} />
+          {heritage && <Review label="Heritage" value={heritage} />}
+          <Review label="Trained skills" value={[
+            ...skills.map(skillLabel),
+            ...grantedSkillSources.map((g) => `${skillLabel(g.key)} (${g.source})`),
+          ].join(', ') || '—'} />
           {built.spellcasting.slots.length > 0 && <Review label="Spell slots" value={built.spellcasting.slots.map((s) => `${s.max}×L${s.level}`).join('  ')} />}
           {spellPicks.length > 0 && <Review label="Spells" value={spellPicks.map((s) => s.name).join(', ')} />}
           <p className="text-xs text-muted">You can fine-tune equipment, feats, and more on the sheet next.</p>

src/features/characters/sheet/DefensesSection.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Minus, Plus, Skull, Star } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/Button';
 import { NumberField } from '@/components/ui/NumberField';
-import { maxDying, isDead, recoveryDc, knockOut, applyRecovery } from '@/lib/mechanics';
+import { maxDying, isDead, recoveryDc, knockOut, applyRecovery, heroPointRescue } from '@/lib/mechanics';
 import type { Degree } from '@/lib/dice/check';
 import type { Condition } from '@/lib/schemas/common';
 import { SheetSection, type SectionProps } from './common';
@@ -39,17 +39,27 @@ function Pf2eDefenses({ c, update }: SectionProps) {
     conds.filter((x) => x.name.trim().toLowerCase() !== 'unconscious');
 
   const setDefenses = (p: Partial<typeof d>) => update({ defenses: { ...d, ...p } });
-  /** Set dying and keep the Unconscious condition in sync (dying>0 ⇒ unconscious). */
+  // You stay Unconscious at 0 HP even after recovering out of dying — only healing
+  // above 0 HP (or the GM) wakes you. So the sync is: dying>0 OR hp<=0 ⇒ unconscious.
+  const syncUnconscious = (dying: number, hpCurrent: number) =>
+    dying > 0 || hpCurrent <= 0 ? withUnconscious(c.conditions) : withoutUnconscious(c.conditions);
+  /** Set dying and keep the Unconscious condition in sync. */
   const setDying = (dying: number) =>
-    update({ defenses: { ...d, dying }, conditions: dying > 0 ? withUnconscious(c.conditions) : withoutUnconscious(c.conditions) });
+    update({ defenses: { ...d, dying }, conditions: syncUnconscious(dying, c.hp.current) });
 
   const doKnockOut = () => {
     const { dying } = knockOut(d, fromCrit);
-    update({ defenses: { ...d, dying }, conditions: withUnconscious(c.conditions) });
+    // Knocked out = at 0 HP and dying; drop HP to 0 so the sheet state is coherent.
+    update({ defenses: { ...d, dying }, conditions: withUnconscious(c.conditions), hp: { ...c.hp, current: Math.min(0, c.hp.current) } });
   };
   const doRecover = (degree: Degree) => {
     const res = applyRecovery(d, degree);
-    update({ defenses: { ...d, ...res }, conditions: res.dying > 0 ? withUnconscious(c.conditions) : withoutUnconscious(c.conditions) });
+    update({ defenses: { ...d, ...res }, conditions: syncUnconscious(res.dying, c.hp.current) });
+  };
+  const doHeroRescue = () => {
+    const res = heroPointRescue(d);
+    if (!res) return;
+    update({ defenses: { ...d, ...res }, conditions: syncUnconscious(0, c.hp.current) });
   };
 
   return (
@@ -98,6 +108,12 @@ function Pf2eDefenses({ c, update }: SectionProps) {
               <Button size="sm" variant="secondary" onClick={() => doRecover('failure')}>Failure +1</Button>
               <Button size="sm" variant="danger" onClick={() => doRecover('critical-failure')}>Crit fail +2</Button>
             </div>
+            {d.heroPoints >= 1 && (
+              <div className="mt-2 flex items-center justify-between gap-2 border-t border-line pt-2">
+                <span className="text-[11px] text-muted">Heroic Recovery: spend ALL your Hero Points ({d.heroPoints}) to drop to Dying 0 and stabilize.</span>
+                <Button size="sm" variant="primary" onClick={doHeroRescue}>Spend &amp; stabilize</Button>
+              </div>
+            )}
           </div>
         )}
       </div>

src/features/characters/sheet/LevelUpModal.tsx

@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
-import type { Campaign, Character, ClassEntry, Spellcasting } from '@/lib/schemas';
+import type { Campaign, Character, ClassEntry, Feat, Spellcasting } from '@/lib/schemas';
 import { normalizeClassMirror, totalLevel } from '@/lib/schemas';
 import {
   abilityModifier, getSystem, getClassNames, ABILITY_ABBR, type AbilityKey, type ProficiencyRank,
-  planLevelUp, applyIncreases, bumpRank, getClassDef,
+  planLevelUp, appendLevelIncreases, bumpRank, getClassDef, hitDiceResource,
   collectChoices, collectFeatures, subclassPrompt, type UnlockedFeature,
 } from '@/lib/rules';
 import { dnd5eClassesSlots } from '@/lib/rules/dnd5e/progression';
+import { loadPf2e } from '@/lib/compendium';
 import { rollDice } from '@/lib/dice/notation';
 import { createRng } from '@/lib/rng';
 import { Modal } from '@/components/ui/Modal';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/Button';
 import { Input, Select } from '@/components/ui/Input';
+import { FeatPickerModal } from './FeatPickerModal';
 import { LevelUpAdvisor } from './LevelUpAdvisor';
 
 const ABILITIES: AbilityKey[] = ['str', 'dex', 'con', 'int', 'wis', 'cha'];
@@ -54,6 +56,9 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
   const keyDefaults = def?.keyAbilities ?? ['str', 'dex'];
   const [asiMode, setAsiMode] = useState<'asi' | 'feat'>('asi');
   const [asiPicks, setAsiPicks] = useState<AbilityKey[]>([keyDefaults[0] ?? 'str', keyDefaults[1] ?? keyDefaults[0] ?? 'con']);
+  // Feat-instead-of-ASI (5e): picked right here, recorded onto the sheet on apply.
+  const [featPick, setFeatPick] = useState<Feat | null>(null);
+  const [featBrowse, setFeatBrowse] = useState(false);
   // Boosts (pf2e): four distinct picks.
   const [boostPicks, setBoostPicks] = useState<AbilityKey[]>(['str', 'dex', 'con', 'wis']);
   // Skill increase (pf2e): one skill to bump.
@@ -109,6 +114,15 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
 
   const [choicePicks, setChoicePicks] = useState<Record<string, string[]>>({});
   const [subclassPick, setSubclassPick] = useState<string>('');
+  // PF2e feat-slot inputs autocomplete against the compendium so names land typo-free.
+  const [pf2eFeatNames, setPf2eFeatNames] = useState<string[]>([]);
+  const wantsFeatSuggestions = !is5e && pendingChoices.some(({ choice }) => !choice.options && /-feat$/.test(choice.key.split(':')[1] ?? ''));
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!wantsFeatSuggestions || pf2eFeatNames.length) return;
+    let on = true;
+    void loadPf2e('feats').then((fs) => on && setPf2eFeatNames(fs.map((f) => String(f.name)).filter(Boolean)));
+    return () => { on = false; };
+  }, [wantsFeatSuggestions, pf2eFeatNames.length]);
   const setChoicePick = (key: string, i: number, val: string) =>
     setChoicePicks((p) => { const arr = [...(p[key] ?? [])]; arr[i] = val; return { ...p, [key]: arr }; });
   // Seed defaults for option-based choices so an untouched picker still records its pick.
@@ -131,9 +145,16 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
       ? plan.hpGainAverage
       : hpMethod === 'average' ? plan.hpGainAverage : Math.max(1, rollDice(`1d${plan.hitDie}`, createRng()).total + conMod);
 
+    // Ability increases go through the build so the sheet's per-source breakdown
+    // stays in sync with the totals (the build is the single source of truth).
     let abilities = character.abilities;
-    if (asi && asiMode === 'asi') abilities = applyIncreases(abilities, asiPicks, '5e');
+    let abilityBuild = character.abilityBuild;
-    if (boosts) abilities = applyIncreases(abilities, boostPicks, 'pf2e');
+    if (asi && asiMode === 'asi') {
+      ({ build: abilityBuild, abilities } = appendLevelIncreases(abilityBuild, abilities, asiPicks, '5e', `ASI L${plan.nextLevel}`));
+    }
+    if (boosts) {
+      ({ build: abilityBuild, abilities } = appendLevelIncreases(abilityBuild, abilities, boostPicks, 'pf2e', `L${plan.nextLevel} boost`));
+    }
 
     // Resolve a subclass pick (5e prompt or a pf2e `:subclass` choice) onto the class entry.
     const subFromChoice = Object.entries(choicePicks)
@@ -156,6 +177,7 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
     const patch: Partial<Character> = {
       hp: { ...character.hp, max: character.hp.max + gain, current: character.hp.current + gain },
       abilities,
+      ...(abilityBuild ? { abilityBuild } : {}),
       classes: nextClassesFinal,
       ...normalizeClassMirror({ classes: nextClassesFinal }),
       choices: merged,
@@ -180,6 +202,31 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
       const current = (character.skillRanks[skillKey] as ProficiencyRank) ?? 'untrained';
       patch.skillRanks = { ...character.skillRanks, [skillKey]: bumpRank(current) };
     }
+    // 5e Expertise picks aren't just recorded — they raise the skill rank to expert
+    // so the doubled proficiency actually lands in the math.
+    const expertisePicks = Object.entries(choicePicks).filter(([k, v]) => k.endsWith(':expertise') && v.some((x) => x.trim()));
+    if (expertisePicks.length) {
+      const ranks: Record<string, ProficiencyRank> = { ...(patch.skillRanks ?? character.skillRanks) as Record<string, ProficiencyRank> };
+      for (const [, vals] of expertisePicks) {
+        for (const label of vals) {
+          const want = label.trim().toLowerCase();
+          const key = sys.skills.find((s) => s.label.toLowerCase() === want || s.key === want)?.key;
+          if (key) ranks[key] = 'expert';
+        }
+      }
+      patch.skillRanks = ranks;
+    }
+    // 5e: each level grants a Hit Die — keep the tracked resource in step.
+    if (is5e) {
+      const newTotal = Math.min(20, total + 1);
+      const i = character.resources.findIndex((r) => r.name.trim().toLowerCase() === 'hit dice');
+      patch.resources = i >= 0
+        ? character.resources.map((r, j) => (j === i ? { ...r, max: r.max + 1, current: Math.min(r.max + 1, r.current + 1), recoverStep: Math.ceil(newTotal / 2) } : r))
+        : [...character.resources, hitDiceResource(newTotal)];
+    }
+    if (asi && asiMode === 'feat' && featPick) {
+      patch.feats = [...character.feats, featPick];
+    }
     onApply(patch);
     onClose();
   };
@@ -262,10 +309,18 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
                   <span className="self-center text-xs text-muted">pick the same twice for +2</span>
                 </div>
               ) : (
-                <p className="text-sm text-muted">Add your chosen feat on the sheet after leveling.</p>
+                <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+                  {featPick ? (
+                    <span className="rounded-md border border-accent/50 bg-accent/5 px-2 py-1 text-sm text-ink">{featPick.name}</span>
+                  ) : (
+                    <span className="text-sm text-muted">No feat chosen yet.</span>
+                  )}
+                  <Button size="sm" variant="secondary" onClick={() => setFeatBrowse(true)}>{featPick ? 'Change feat…' : 'Browse feats…'}</Button>
+                </div>
               )}
             </section>
           )}
+          {featBrowse && <FeatPickerModal onPick={(f) => setFeatPick(f)} onClose={() => setFeatBrowse(false)} />}
 
           {/* Boosts (pf2e) */}
           {boosts && (
@@ -335,7 +390,14 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
                             {choice.options.map((o) => <option key={o} value={o}>{o}</option>)}
                           </Select>
                         ) : (
-                          <Input key={i} aria-label={`${choice.label} ${i + 1}`} placeholder="Type your choice…" value={choicePicks[choice.key]?.[i] ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setChoicePick(choice.key, i, e.target.value)} />
+                          <SuggestInput
+                            key={i}
+                            ariaLabel={`${choice.label} ${i + 1}`}
+                            placeholder="Type your choice…"
+                            value={choicePicks[choice.key]?.[i] ?? ''}
+                            onChange={(v) => setChoicePick(choice.key, i, v)}
+                            suggestions={/-feat$/.test(choice.key.split(':')[1] ?? '') ? pf2eFeatNames : []}
+                          />
                         )
                       ))}
                     </div>
@@ -352,3 +414,43 @@ export function LevelUpModal({ character, onApply, onClose }: {
     </Modal>
   );
 }
+
+/** Free-text input with a lightweight suggestion dropdown (used for PF2e feat names). */
+function SuggestInput({ value, onChange, suggestions, ariaLabel, placeholder }: {
+  value: string;
+  onChange: (v: string) => void;
+  suggestions: string[];
+  ariaLabel: string;
+  placeholder?: string;
+}) {
+  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
+  const q = value.trim().toLowerCase();
+  const matches = q.length >= 2 ? suggestions.filter((n) => n.toLowerCase().includes(q) && n !== value).slice(0, 8) : [];
+  return (
+    <div className="relative">
+      <Input
+        value={value}
+        aria-label={ariaLabel}
+        {...(placeholder ? { placeholder } : {})}
+        onChange={(e) => { onChange(e.target.value); setOpen(true); }}
+        onFocus={() => setOpen(true)}
+        onBlur={() => setOpen(false)}
+      />
+      {open && matches.length > 0 && (
+        <div className="absolute z-20 mt-1 max-h-44 w-full overflow-y-auto rounded-md border border-line bg-panel shadow-xl">
+          {matches.map((n) => (
+            <button
+              key={n}
+              type="button"
+              className="block w-full px-2 py-1 text-left text-sm text-ink hover:bg-elevated"
+              // mousedown beats the input's blur so the click still lands
+              onMouseDown={(e) => { e.preventDefault(); onChange(n); setOpen(false); }}
+            >
+              {n}
+            </button>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

src/features/characters/sheet/ResourcesSection.tsx

@@ -17,6 +17,17 @@ const RECOVERY_LABEL: Record<CharacterResource['recovery'], string> = {
   none: 'Manual',
 };
 
+/** Tooltip spelling out EVERYTHING the rest does, not just resource tags. */
+function restTitle(system: string, optId: string, recovers: readonly string[]): string {
+  if (system === 'pf2e' && optId === 'rest') {
+    return 'Rest for the Night: restore HP (capped by Drained), refill spell slots, clear Wounded, reduce Drained and Doomed by 1, remove Fatigued.';
+  }
+  if (system === 'pf2e' && optId === 'refocus') return 'Refocus (10 min): regain 1 Focus Point.';
+  if (optId === 'long') return 'Long rest: restore HP, spell slots, and long-rest resources (Hit Dice recover half your level); exhaustion −1; death saves reset.';
+  if (optId === 'short') return 'Short rest: regain pact slots and short-rest resources; spend Hit Dice to heal.';
+  return `Restore: ${recovers.join(', ')}`;
+}
+
 export function ResourcesSection({ c, update }: SectionProps) {
   const [name, setName] = useState('');
   const sys = getSystem(c.system);
@@ -42,7 +53,7 @@ export function ResourcesSection({ c, update }: SectionProps) {
       actions={
         <div className="flex gap-2">
           {sys.restOptions.map((o) => (
-            <Button key={o.id} size="sm" variant="secondary" onClick={() => rest(o.id)} title={`Restore: ${o.recovers.join(', ')}`}>
+            <Button key={o.id} size="sm" variant="secondary" onClick={() => rest(o.id)} title={restTitle(c.system, o.id, o.recovers)}>
               {o.label}
             </Button>
           ))}

src/features/combat/EncounterTracker.tsx

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import { createRng } from '@/lib/rng';
 import { rollDice } from '@/lib/dice/notation';
 import { getSystem, getConditions, type SystemId } from '@/lib/rules';
 import { computeBudget, DIFFICULTY_COLOR } from '@/lib/combat/budget';
-import { deriveState, DAMAGE_TYPES, concentrationDC } from '@/lib/mechanics';
+import { deriveState, deriveEffectiveMaxHp, DAMAGE_TYPES, concentrationDC } from '@/lib/mechanics';
 import { useCharacters, useAllPcs } from '@/features/characters/hooks';
 import { useConditionGlossary } from './useConditionGlossary';
 import {
@@ -82,6 +82,9 @@ export function EncounterTracker({ encounter, campaign }: { encounter: Encounter
    */
   const noteConcentrationCheck = (combatant: Combatant, damage: number) => {
     if (damage <= 0) return;
+    // 5e only: damage forces a Con save to hold concentration. PF2e has no such save —
+    // sustained spells simply require the Sustain action, so there is nothing to roll.
+    if (campaign.system !== '5e') return;
     // The GM-set combatant flag works for any creature (monster/NPC/PC); fall back to
     // the linked Character's concentration (set when a seated player casts a spell).
     const ch = pcCharacter(combatant);
@@ -92,12 +95,29 @@ export function EncounterTracker({ encounter, campaign }: { encounter: Encounter
       logEvent(e, `${combatant.name}: roll a DC ${dc} Constitution save or lose concentration on ${spellName}.`));
   };
 
+  /** Effective max HP for a combatant — drained / exhaustion 4 reduce it. */
+  const effMaxOf = (c: Combatant) => deriveEffectiveMaxHp({
+    system: campaign.system,
+    baseMaxHp: c.hp.max,
+    level: c.level ?? 1,
+    exhaustion: c.conditions.find((x) => x.name.trim().toLowerCase() === 'exhaustion')?.value ?? 0,
+    conditions: c.conditions,
+  }).max;
+
   /** Advance the turn; remind (don't roll) when a downed PC's turn begins. */
   const advanceTurn = () => {
     mutate((e) => nextTurn(e, campaign.system));
     const upcoming = currentCombatant(nextTurn(encounter, campaign.system));
     if (upcoming && upcoming.kind !== 'monster' && upcoming.hp.current <= 0 && pcCharacter(upcoming)) {
-      void encountersRepo.mutate(encounter.id, (e) => logEvent(e, `${upcoming.name} is down — make a death saving throw.`));
+      const reminder = campaign.system === 'pf2e'
+        ? (() => {
+            const dying = pcCharacter(upcoming)?.defenses.dying ?? 0;
+            return dying > 0
+              ? `${upcoming.name} is dying — roll a flat recovery check (DC ${10 + dying}) on their sheet.`
+              : `${upcoming.name} is down — use “Knock out” on their sheet to start recovery checks.`;
+          })()
+        : `${upcoming.name} is down — make a death saving throw.`;
+      void encountersRepo.mutate(encounter.id, (e) => logEvent(e, reminder));
     }
   };
 
@@ -246,11 +266,17 @@ export function EncounterTracker({ encounter, campaign }: { encounter: Encounter
                   ? `${c.name} takes ${amt}${type ? ` ${type}` : ''} damage`
                   : `${c.name} takes ${hpLoss}${type ? ` ${type}` : ''} damage (${amt} before ${hpLoss < amt ? 'resistance' : 'vulnerability'})`;
                 // Surface (don't auto-apply) the death rules for downed PCs — the player
-                // owns their character's death-save count, so we remind rather than mutate it.
+                // owns their character's death state, so we remind rather than mutate it.
                 let reminder: string | null = null;
                 if (c.kind !== 'monster' && hpLoss > 0) {
-                  if (isMassiveDamageDeath(c.hp.max, after.hp.current)) reminder = `${c.name} suffers massive damage and dies instantly — no death saves.`;
+                  if (campaign.system === 'pf2e') {
-                  else if (c.hp.current <= 0) reminder = `${c.name} took damage while down — mark a death save failure (two on a critical hit).`;
+                    if (c.hp.current <= 0) reminder = `${c.name} took damage while dying — increase Dying by 1 (2 on a critical hit).`;
+                    else if (after.hp.current <= 0) reminder = `${c.name} drops to 0 HP — use “Knock out” on their sheet (Dying 1 + Wounded; 2 on a crit).`;
+                  } else {
+                    // Massive damage compares against the (possibly reduced) effective max.
+                    if (isMassiveDamageDeath(effMaxOf(c), after.hp.current)) reminder = `${c.name} suffers massive damage and dies instantly — no death saves.`;
+                    else if (c.hp.current <= 0) reminder = `${c.name} took damage while down — mark a death save failure (two on a critical hit).`;
+                  }
                 }
                 mutate((e) => {
                   let next = logEvent(updateCombatant(e, c.id, { hp: after.hp }), note);
@@ -259,7 +285,20 @@ export function EncounterTracker({ encounter, campaign }: { encounter: Encounter
                 });
                 noteConcentrationCheck(c, hpLoss);
               }}
-              onHeal={(amt) => mutate((e) => logEvent(updateCombatant(e, c.id, { hp: applyHealing(c, amt).hp }), `${c.name} heals ${amt}`))}
+              onHeal={(amt) => {
+                // Cap at the effective max (drained / exhaustion 4), and for pf2e let
+                // healing above 0 do the wake-up bookkeeping (Dying ends → Wounded +1).
+                const healed = applyHealing(c, amt, effMaxOf(c));
+                const woke = campaign.system === 'pf2e' && c.hp.current <= 0 && healed.hp.current > 0;
+                const conditions = woke
+                  ? c.conditions.filter((x) => !['unconscious', 'dying'].includes(x.name.trim().toLowerCase()))
+                  : c.conditions;
+                mutate((e) => {
+                  let next = logEvent(updateCombatant(e, c.id, { hp: healed.hp, ...(woke ? { conditions } : {}) }), `${c.name} heals ${amt}`);
+                  if (woke) next = logEvent(next, `${c.name} is back up — Dying ends (increase Wounded by 1 on their sheet) and they wake.`);
+                  return next;
+                });
+              }}
               onMove={(dir) => mutate((e) => moveCombatant(e, c.id, dir))}
               onRemove={() => mutate((e) => logEvent(removeCombatant(e, c.id), `${c.name} removed`))}
             />
@@ -489,7 +528,11 @@ function CombatantRow({
               type="button"
               onClick={() => onChange({ concentrating: c.concentrating ? null : 'a spell' })}
               className={cn('rounded p-0.5', c.concentrating ? 'text-accent' : 'text-faint hover:text-muted')}
-              title={c.concentrating ? `Concentrating on ${c.concentrating} — click to clear` : 'Mark as concentrating (prompts a Con save when damaged)'}
+              title={c.concentrating
+                ? `Concentrating on ${c.concentrating} — click to clear`
+                : system === 'pf2e'
+                  ? 'Mark as sustaining a spell (a reminder, in case they stop Sustaining)'
+                  : 'Mark as concentrating (prompts a Con save when damaged)'}
               aria-label={c.concentrating ? `${c.name} is concentrating; clear` : `Mark ${c.name} as concentrating`}
               aria-pressed={!!c.concentrating}
             >
@@ -513,17 +556,41 @@ function CombatantRow({
           {c.conditions.length > 0 && (
             <div className="mt-1.5 flex flex-wrap gap-1">
               {c.conditions.map((cond, i) => (
-                <button
+                <span
                   key={`${cond.name}-${i}`}
-                  className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full border border-verdigris/45 px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium text-verdigris transition-colors hover:line-through"
+                  className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full border border-verdigris/45 px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium text-verdigris"
-                  title={glossary.get(cond.name.toLowerCase()) || 'Click to remove'}
+                  title={glossary.get(cond.name.toLowerCase()) || undefined}
-                  onClick={() => onChange({ conditions: c.conditions.filter((_, j) => j !== i) })}
                 >
                   {cond.name}
                   {cond.value ? ` ${cond.value}` : ''}
                   {cond.duration ? ` (${cond.duration}r)` : ''}
-                  <X size={11} aria-hidden />
+                  {/* Valued conditions (Frightened 2, Drained 3…) step in place — no delete-and-re-add. */}
-                </button>
+                  {cond.value !== undefined && (
+                    <>
+                      <button
+                        aria-label={`Decrease ${cond.name}`}
+                        className="rounded px-0.5 leading-none hover:bg-verdigris/15"
+                        onClick={() => onChange({
+                          conditions: (cond.value ?? 1) <= 1
+                            ? c.conditions.filter((_, j) => j !== i)
+                            : c.conditions.map((x, j) => (j === i ? { ...x, value: (x.value ?? 1) - 1 } : x)),
+                        })}
+                      >−</button>
+                      <button
+                        aria-label={`Increase ${cond.name}`}
+                        className="rounded px-0.5 leading-none hover:bg-verdigris/15"
+                        onClick={() => onChange({ conditions: c.conditions.map((x, j) => (j === i ? { ...x, value: (x.value ?? 0) + 1 } : x)) })}
+                      >+</button>
+                    </>
+                  )}
+                  <button
+                    aria-label={`Remove ${cond.name}`}
+                    className="transition-opacity hover:opacity-60"
+                    onClick={() => onChange({ conditions: c.conditions.filter((_, j) => j !== i) })}
+                  >
+                    <X size={11} aria-hidden />
+                  </button>
+                </span>
               ))}
             </div>
           )}

src/features/settings/CloudCampaigns.tsx

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { Link } from '@tanstack/react-router';
 import { useLiveQuery } from 'dexie-react-hooks';
 import { db } from '@/lib/db/db';
 import { cloudUsername, CloudError } from '@/lib/cloud/client';
-import { listCloudCampaigns, createCloudCampaign, joinCloudCampaign, publishCharacter, listCloudCharacters, rotateInvite, removeCloudMember, getUsage, adminListUsers, adminSetQuota, type CloudCampaignInfo, type CloudCharInfo, type AdminUserRow } from '@/lib/cloud/campaigns';
+import { listCloudCampaigns, createCloudCampaign, joinCloudCampaign, publishCharacter, listCloudCharacters, rotateInvite, removeCloudMember, getUsage, type CloudCampaignInfo, type CloudCharInfo } from '@/lib/cloud/campaigns';
 import { useCampaigns } from '@/features/campaigns/hooks';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/Button';
 import { Input, Select } from '@/components/ui/Input';
@@ -21,13 +22,10 @@ export function CloudCampaigns() {
   const [targetCloud, setTargetCloud] = useState('');
   const [viewing, setViewing] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [party, setParty] = useState<CloudCharInfo[]>([]);
-  const [usage, setUsage] = useState<{ bytes: number; admin: boolean } | null>(null);
+  const [usage, setUsage] = useState<{ bytes: number; quota: number; admin: boolean } | null>(null);
-  const [admins, setAdmins] = useState<AdminUserRow[]>([]);
 
   useEffect(() => { if (signedIn) listCloudCampaigns().then(setList).catch(() => {}); }, [signedIn]);
   useEffect(() => { if (signedIn) getUsage().then(setUsage).catch(() => {}); }, [signedIn]);
-  const loadAdmin = () => adminListUsers().then((r) => setAdmins(r.users)).catch(() => {});
-  useEffect(() => { if (usage?.admin) loadAdmin(); }, [usage?.admin]);
   const refresh = () => listCloudCampaigns().then(setList).catch(() => {});
 
   const run = (fn: () => Promise<void>) => async () => {
@@ -122,24 +120,26 @@ export function CloudCampaigns() {
         </div>
       </div>
 
-      {usage && <p className="text-xs text-muted">Your cloud storage: <span className="text-ink">{fmtBytes(usage.bytes)}</span></p>}
+      {usage && (() => {
+        const pct = usage.quota > 0 ? Math.min(100, Math.round((usage.bytes / usage.quota) * 100)) : 0;
+        const near = pct >= 90;
+        return (
+          <div className="text-xs">
+            <p className={near ? 'text-warning' : 'text-muted'}>
+              Your cloud storage: <span className="text-ink">{fmtBytes(usage.bytes)}</span> of {fmtBytes(usage.quota)} ({pct}%)
+              {near && ' — almost full; trim old data or ask the admin to raise your quota.'}
+            </p>
+            <div className="mt-1 h-1.5 w-full max-w-xs overflow-hidden rounded-full bg-elevated">
+              <div className={near ? 'h-full bg-warning' : 'h-full bg-accent'} style={{ width: `${pct}%` }} />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        );
+      })()}
 
       {usage?.admin && (
-        <div className="rounded-md border border-accent/30 bg-accent/5 p-2">
+        <div className="rounded-md border border-accent/30 bg-accent/5 p-2 text-sm">
-          <h3 className="mb-1 smallcaps">Admin · users &amp; storage</h3>
+          You’re the instance admin — manage accounts, storage, campaigns, and live rooms in the{' '}
-          <table className="w-full text-xs">
+          <Link to="/admin" className="text-accent underline">Admin panel</Link>.
-            <thead><tr className="text-left text-muted"><th className="py-1 font-medium">User</th><th className="font-medium">Used</th><th className="font-medium">Quota (GB, 0=default)</th></tr></thead>
-            <tbody>
-              {admins.map((u) => (
-                <tr key={u.username} className="border-t border-line">
-                  <td className="py-1 text-ink">{u.username}</td>
-                  <td className="py-1 text-muted">{fmtBytes(u.usageBytes)}</td>
-                  <td className="py-1"><QuotaCell user={u} onSaved={loadAdmin} /></td>
-                </tr>
-              ))}
-            </tbody>
-          </table>
-          <p className="mt-1 text-[11px] text-muted">Quotas are tracked but not yet enforced — a safety valve for later.</p>
         </div>
       )}
 
@@ -154,15 +154,3 @@ function fmtBytes(b: number): string {
   if (b >= 1e6) return `${(b / 1e6).toFixed(1)} MB`;
   return `${Math.max(0, Math.round(b / 1024))} KB`;
 }
-
-function QuotaCell({ user, onSaved }: { user: AdminUserRow; onSaved: () => void }) {
-  const [gb, setGb] = useState(String(user.quotaBytes ? (user.quotaBytes / 1e9).toFixed(0) : '0'));
-  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
-  const save = async () => { setSaving(true); try { await adminSetQuota(user.username, (Number(gb) || 0) * 1e9); onSaved(); } catch { /* ignore */ } finally { setSaving(false); } };
-  return (
-    <span className="flex items-center gap-1">
-      <input value={gb} onChange={(e) => setGb(e.target.value.replace(/[^0-9]/g, ''))} className="w-12 rounded border border-line bg-surface px-1 py-0.5 text-xs" aria-label={`Quota GB for ${user.username}`} />
-      <Button size="sm" variant="ghost" disabled={saving} onClick={() => void save()}>Set</Button>
-    </span>
-  );
-}

src/lib/cloud/admin.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+import { req } from './campaigns';
+
+/** Typed client for the admin-panel API (accounts listed in ADMIN_USERS only). */
+
+export interface AdminOverview {
+  uptimeMs: number;
+  memory: { rss: number; heapUsed: number };
+  dataDirBytes: number;
+  users: { count: number; max: number | null };
+  defaultQuotaBytes: number;
+  campaigns: number;
+  characters: number;
+  characterBytes: number;
+  rooms: { count: number; players: number; imageBytes: number };
+}
+
+export interface AdminUser {
+  username: string;
+  admin: boolean;
+  createdAt: number;
+  usageBytes: number;
+  quotaBytes: number;
+  effectiveQuota: number;
+  tokenCount: number;
+}
+
+export interface AdminCampaign {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  system: string;
+  owner: string;
+  members: number;
+  characters: number;
+  bytes: number;
+  updatedAt: number;
+}
+
+export interface AdminRoom {
+  players: number;
+  seats: number;
+  images: number;
+  imageBytes: number;
+  idleMs: number;
+  hasGm: boolean;
+}
+
+export const adminOverview = () => req<AdminOverview>('/admin/overview');
+export const adminUsers = () => req<{ users: AdminUser[] }>('/admin/users');
+export const adminCampaigns = () => req<{ campaigns: AdminCampaign[] }>('/admin/campaigns');
+export const adminRooms = () => req<{ rooms: AdminRoom[] }>('/admin/rooms');
+export const adminSetQuota = (username: string, quotaBytes: number) =>
+  req<{ ok: boolean }>('/admin/quota', { method: 'POST', body: JSON.stringify({ username, quotaBytes }) });
+export const adminRevokeTokens = (username: string) =>
+  req<{ ok: boolean }>(`/admin/users/${encodeURIComponent(username)}/revoke`, { method: 'POST' });
+export const adminDeleteUser = (username: string) =>
+  req<{ ok: boolean; purged: { campaigns: number; characters: number } }>(`/admin/users/${encodeURIComponent(username)}`, { method: 'DELETE' });
+export const adminDeleteCampaign = (id: string) =>
+  req<{ ok: boolean }>(`/admin/campaigns/${encodeURIComponent(id)}`, { method: 'DELETE' });

src/lib/cloud/campaigns.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ function authHeaders(): Record<string, string> {
 export interface CloudCampaignInfo { id: string; name: string; system: string; role: 'owner' | 'member'; inviteCode?: string }
 export interface CloudCharInfo { id: string; name: string; ownerUserId: string; mine: boolean; data: string; updatedAt: number }
 
-async function req<T>(path: string, init?: RequestInit): Promise<T> {
+/** Authenticated same-origin /api request — shared by the campaign + admin clients. */
+export async function req<T>(path: string, init?: RequestInit): Promise<T> {
   let res: Response;
   try {
     res = await fetch(`${base()}${path}`, { ...init, headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json', ...authHeaders(), ...(init?.headers ?? {}) } });
@@ -52,13 +53,6 @@ export async function cloudUsageBytes(): Promise<number> {
   return (await req<{ bytes: number }>('/usage')).bytes;
 }
 
-export interface AdminUserRow { username: string; usageBytes: number; quotaBytes: number }
+export function getUsage(): Promise<{ bytes: number; quota: number; admin: boolean }> {
-export function getUsage(): Promise<{ bytes: number; admin: boolean }> {
+  return req<{ bytes: number; quota: number; admin: boolean }>('/usage');
-  return req<{ bytes: number; admin: boolean }>('/usage');
-}
-export function adminListUsers(): Promise<{ users: AdminUserRow[] }> {
-  return req<{ users: AdminUserRow[] }>('/admin/users');
-}
-export function adminSetQuota(username: string, quotaBytes: number): Promise<{ ok: boolean }> {
-  return req<{ ok: boolean }>('/admin/quota', { method: 'POST', body: JSON.stringify({ username, quotaBytes }) });
 }

src/lib/cloud/client.ts

@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ export async function pushBackup(opts?: { force?: boolean }): Promise<PushResult
   const res = await fetch(`${base()}/save`, { method: 'PUT', headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json', authorization: `Bearer ${t}` }, body: JSON.stringify({ blob, baseSavedAt }) });
   if (res.status === 401) { clearSession(); throw new CloudError('Session expired — sign in again.'); }
   if (res.status === 409) { const d = (await res.json().catch(() => ({}))) as { savedAt?: number }; return { ok: false, conflict: true, savedAt: Number(d.savedAt) || 0 }; }
+  if (res.status === 413) throw new CloudError('Cloud storage limit reached — trim old data or ask the admin to raise your quota.');
+  if (res.status === 429) throw new CloudError('Too many requests — please wait a moment and try again.');
   if (!res.ok) throw new CloudError('Upload failed.');
   const d = (await res.json().catch(() => ({}))) as { savedAt?: number };
   if (typeof d.savedAt === 'number') setLastSyncedAt(d.savedAt);

src/lib/combat/engine.test.ts

@@ -189,6 +189,13 @@ describe('HP transitions', () => {
     expect(applyDamage(im, 10, 'fire').hp.current).toBe(30); // immune to all → no change
     expect(applyDamage(im, 10, 'cold').hp.current).toBe(30);
   });
+
+  it('healing honors a reduced effective-max cap (drained / exhaustion 4)', () => {
+    const c = { ...mk('a', 0, 30), hp: { current: 10, max: 30, temp: 0 } };
+    expect(applyHealing(c, 25, 20).hp.current).toBe(20); // capped at effective max
+    expect(applyHealing(c, 25).hp.current).toBe(30); // no cap → stored max
+    expect(applyHealing(c, 5, 40).hp.current).toBe(15); // cap never exceeds stored max
+  });
 });
 
 describe('endEncounter', () => {

src/lib/combat/engine.ts

@@ -267,10 +267,15 @@ export function isMassiveDamageDeath(hpMax: number, currentAfter: number): boole
   return currentAfter <= 0 && -currentAfter >= hpMax;
 }
 
-/** Heal up to max. Does not touch temporary HP. */
+/**
-export function applyHealing(c: Combatant, amount: number): Combatant {
+ * Heal up to max. Does not touch temporary HP. `capMax` overrides the cap when the
+ * effective maximum is reduced by conditions (5e exhaustion 4, pf2e drained) — pass
+ * `deriveEffectiveMaxHp(...).max` so healing can't exceed the reduced maximum.
+ */
+export function applyHealing(c: Combatant, amount: number, capMax?: number): Combatant {
   if (!Number.isFinite(amount) || amount <= 0) return c;
-  return { ...c, hp: { ...c.hp, current: Math.min(c.hp.max, c.hp.current + amount) } };
+  const cap = capMax !== undefined ? Math.min(capMax, c.hp.max) : c.hp.max;
+  return { ...c, hp: { ...c.hp, current: Math.min(cap, c.hp.current + amount) } };
 }
 
 /** Set temporary HP — 5e/PF2e temp HP does not stack; take the higher value. */

src/lib/io/pathbuilder.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { Character } from '@/lib/schemas';
+import { synthManualBuild } from '@/lib/rules/abilityBuild';
 
 /** Convert a Pathbuilder 2e export (build JSON) into our PF2e character fields. */
 
@@ -43,10 +44,14 @@ export function pathbuilderToCharacterFields(b: PathbuilderBuild): Partial<Chara
     ancestry: b.ancestry ?? '',
     level,
     abilities,
+    // Imports carry only finals — persist a manual build so the sheet stays consistent.
+    abilityBuild: synthManualBuild(abilities),
     hp: { current: hpMax, max: hpMax, temp: 0 },
     saveRanks: saveRanks as Character['saveRanks'],
     skillRanks: skillRanks as Character['skillRanks'],
     perceptionRank: rank(prof.perception) === 'untrained' ? 'trained' : rank(prof.perception),
-    ...(b.background ? { notes: `Background: ${b.background}${b.heritage ? `\nHeritage: ${b.heritage}` : ''}` } : {}),
+    // Background and heritage are first-class fields now — no more stuffing them in notes.
+    ...(b.background ? { background: b.background } : {}),
+    ...(b.heritage ? { heritage: b.heritage } : {}),
   };
 }

src/lib/mechanics/creatureState.ts

@@ -109,6 +109,13 @@ export function deriveState(system: SystemId, baseSpeed: number, conditions: Con
       extraBadges.push('Quickened (+1 action)');
       continue;
     }
+    // --- pf2e Persistent Damage: the human rolls it; we surface the procedure. ---
+    if (system === 'pf2e' && name === 'persistent damage') {
+      extraBadges.push(cond.value
+        ? `Persistent damage ${cond.value} (apply at end of turn, then DC 15 flat check to end)`
+        : 'Persistent damage (apply at end of turn, then DC 15 flat check to end)');
+      continue;
+    }
 
     const eff = table[name];
     if (!eff) continue;

src/lib/mechanics/dying.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
-import { maxDying, isDead, recoveryDc, knockOut, applyRecovery, pf2eRestDecay } from './dying';
+import { maxDying, isDead, recoveryDc, knockOut, applyRecovery, heroPointRescue, pf2eRestDecay } from './dying';
 import type { Condition } from '@/lib/schemas/common';
 
 const cond = (name: string, value?: number): Condition => (value !== undefined ? { name, value } : { name });
@@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ describe('applyRecovery', () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe('heroPointRescue', () => {
+  it('spends all hero points to drop to dying 0 and increases wounded', () => {
+    expect(heroPointRescue({ dying: 3, heroPoints: 2, wounded: 1 })).toEqual({ dying: 0, heroPoints: 0, wounded: 2 });
+  });
+  it('returns null when not dying or no points to spend', () => {
+    expect(heroPointRescue({ dying: 0, heroPoints: 2, wounded: 0 })).toBeNull();
+    expect(heroPointRescue({ dying: 2, heroPoints: 0, wounded: 0 })).toBeNull();
+  });
+});
+
 describe('pf2eRestDecay', () => {
   it('decays doomed, clears wounded, decrements/removes drained, ends fatigued', () => {
     const r = pf2eRestDecay({ doomed: 2, wounded: 3 }, [cond('Drained', 2), cond('Fatigued'), cond('Frightened', 1)]);

src/lib/mechanics/dying.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,16 @@ export function applyRecovery(d: Pick<Defenses, 'dying' | 'wounded'>, degree: De
   return { dying, wounded };
 }
 
+/**
+ * Heroic Recovery: spend ALL remaining Hero Points (minimum 1) to avoid death —
+ * dying drops to 0 and you stabilize (you stay unconscious at 0 HP until healed).
+ * Losing the dying condition always increases wounded by 1.
+ */
+export function heroPointRescue(d: Pick<Defenses, 'dying' | 'heroPoints' | 'wounded'>): { dying: number; heroPoints: number; wounded: number } | null {
+  if (d.heroPoints < 1 || d.dying <= 0) return null;
+  return { dying: 0, heroPoints: 0, wounded: d.wounded + 1 };
+}
+
 /**
  * Condition decay from a full night's rest (Rest for the Night): doomed −1, wounded
  * cleared (you wake at full HP), Drained −1, and Fatigued removed. Dying is assumed

src/lib/mechanics/index.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export { normalizeMonsterDefenses, normalizeMonsterDefensesPf2e, type Pf2eDefens
 export { castSpell, availableSlotLevels, dropConcentration, concentrationDC } from './cast';
 export { spendResource, regainResource } from './resources';
 export { rollDeathSave, type DeathSaveOutcome } from './deathSaves';
-export { maxDying, isDead, recoveryDc, knockOut, applyRecovery, pf2eRestDecay } from './dying';
+export { maxDying, isDead, recoveryDc, knockOut, applyRecovery, heroPointRescue, pf2eRestDecay } from './dying';
 export { conditionEffects, CONDITION_EFFECTS_5E, CONDITION_EFFECTS_PF2E, type ConditionEffect, type PenaltyTarget } from './conditionEffects';
 export { deriveState, deriveEffectiveMaxHp, tickConditionsEndOfTurn, type MechanicalState, type DeriveContext } from './creatureState';
 

src/lib/rules/abilityBuild.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
-import { computeAbilities, abilityBreakdown, synthManualBuild, setManualTotal } from './abilityBuild';
+import { computeAbilities, abilityBreakdown, synthManualBuild, setManualTotal, appendLevelIncreases } from './abilityBuild';
 import type { AbilityBuild } from '@/lib/schemas/character';
 
 const base10 = { str: 10, dex: 10, con: 10, int: 10, wis: 10, cha: 10 };
@@ -66,3 +66,36 @@ describe('setManualTotal', () => {
     expect(computeAbilities(reset).str).toBe(12);
   });
 });
+
+describe('appendLevelIncreases', () => {
+  it('5e ASI picks append as flat +1 each and totals match', () => {
+    const build: AbilityBuild = { base: { ...base10, str: 15 }, adjustments: [{ label: 'Race', ability: 'str', kind: 'flat', amount: 2 }] };
+    const current = computeAbilities(build); // str 17
+    const r = appendLevelIncreases(build, current, ['str', 'str'], '5e', 'ASI L4');
+    expect(r.abilities.str).toBe(19);
+    expect(computeAbilities(r.build)).toEqual(r.abilities); // breakdown stays in sync
+    expect(r.build.adjustments.filter((a) => a.label === 'ASI L4')).toHaveLength(2);
+  });
+
+  it('pf2e boosts append with the <18 (+2) / ≥18 (+1) rule', () => {
+    const build: AbilityBuild = { base: base10, adjustments: [
+      { label: 'Ancestry', ability: 'str', kind: 'boost', amount: 0 },
+      { label: 'Class', ability: 'str', kind: 'boost', amount: 0 },
+      { label: 'Free', ability: 'str', kind: 'boost', amount: 0 },
+    ] };
+    const current = computeAbilities(build); // str 16
+    const r = appendLevelIncreases(build, current, ['str', 'dex'], 'pf2e', 'L5 boost');
+    expect(r.abilities.str).toBe(18); // 16 → +2
+    expect(r.abilities.dex).toBe(12);
+    const r2 = appendLevelIncreases(r.build, r.abilities, ['str'], 'pf2e', 'L10 boost');
+    expect(r2.abilities.str).toBe(19); // 18 → +1
+    expect(computeAbilities(r2.build)).toEqual(r2.abilities);
+  });
+
+  it('synthesizes a manual build when the stored one is stale', () => {
+    const stale: AbilityBuild = { base: base10, adjustments: [] }; // says 10s
+    const current = { ...base10, str: 16 }; // but totals were edited elsewhere
+    const r = appendLevelIncreases(stale, current, ['str'], '5e', 'ASI L4');
+    expect(r.abilities.str).toBe(17); // 16 + 1, not 11
+  });
+});

src/lib/rules/abilityBuild.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { AbilityKey, AbilityScores } from './types';
+import type { AbilityKey, AbilityScores, SystemId } from './types';
 import { ABILITY_KEYS } from './types';
 import type { AbilityBuild } from '@/lib/schemas/character';
 
@@ -69,3 +69,31 @@ export function setManualTotal(build: AbilityBuild, ability: AbilityKey, target:
 export function setBuildBase(build: AbilityBuild, base: AbilityScores): AbilityBuild {
   return { base: { ...base }, adjustments: build.adjustments };
 }
+
+function sameScores(a: AbilityScores, b: AbilityScores): boolean {
+  return ABILITY_KEYS.every((k) => a[k] === b[k]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Append level-up ability increases to a build so the per-source breakdown stays in
+ * sync with the totals (a 5e ASI pick is flat +1; a PF2e pick is a boost). If the
+ * stored build no longer reproduces `current` (legacy/imported character), a manual
+ * build is synthesized from `current` first so nothing jumps. Callers patch BOTH
+ * `abilities` and `abilityBuild` from the result.
+ */
+export function appendLevelIncreases(
+  build: AbilityBuild | undefined,
+  current: AbilityScores,
+  picks: readonly AbilityKey[],
+  system: SystemId,
+  label: string,
+): { build: AbilityBuild; abilities: AbilityScores } {
+  const base = build && sameScores(computeAbilities(build), current) ? build : synthManualBuild(current);
+  const added = picks.map((ability) => (
+    system === 'pf2e'
+      ? { label, ability, kind: 'boost' as const, amount: 0 }
+      : { label, ability, kind: 'flat' as const, amount: 1 }
+  ));
+  const next: AbilityBuild = { base: { ...base.base }, adjustments: [...base.adjustments, ...added] };
+  return { build: next, abilities: computeAbilities(next) };
+}

src/lib/rules/depth.test.ts

@@ -106,4 +106,20 @@ describe('applyRest', () => {
     // no concentration → no concentration key in the patch
     expect('concentration' in applyRest(makeCharacter(), short)).toBe(false);
   });
+
+  it('long rest caps restored HP at the effective max while exhaustion stays 4+', () => {
+    const c = { ...makeCharacter(), defenses: { ...makeCharacter().defenses, exhaustion: 5 } };
+    const long = dnd5e.restOptions.find((o) => o.id === 'long')!;
+    const patch = applyRest(c, long);
+    // exhaustion 5 → 4 after the rest; max HP still halved (30 → 15)
+    expect(patch.defenses!.exhaustion).toBe(4);
+    expect(patch.hp!.current).toBe(15);
+  });
+
+  it('a per-resource recoverStep restores by that amount, not to max (Hit Dice)', () => {
+    const base = makeCharacter();
+    const c = { ...base, resources: [{ id: 'hd', name: 'Hit Dice', current: 0, max: 5, recovery: 'long' as const, recoverStep: 3 }] };
+    const long = dnd5e.restOptions.find((o) => o.id === 'long')!;
+    expect(applyRest(c, long).resources![0]!.current).toBe(3); // 0 + ceil(5/2)=3, not 5
+  });
 });

src/lib/rules/index.ts

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export * from './types';
 export * from './progression';
 export { abilityModifier, ABILITY_ABBR, ABILITY_LABELS, formatDamage } from './abilities';
 export { pf2eApplyBoosts, parseAncestryBoosts, parseBackgroundBoosts, parseFlaw, abilityWord } from './pf2e/abilities';
-export { computeAbilities, abilityBreakdown, synthManualBuild, setManualTotal, setBuildBase, type AbilityBreakdown } from './abilityBuild';
+export { computeAbilities, abilityBreakdown, synthManualBuild, setManualTotal, setBuildBase, appendLevelIncreases, type AbilityBreakdown } from './abilityBuild';
 export { applyRest } from './rest';
 export { getConditions, CONDITIONS_5E, CONDITIONS_PF2E, type ConditionDef } from './conditions';
 export { collectChoices, collectFeatures, collectChoices5e, collectFeatures5e, subclassPrompt } from './features/collect';

src/lib/rules/progression.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { AbilityKey, AbilityScores, ProficiencyRank, SystemId } from './types';
 import { abilityModifier } from './abilities';
+import { newId } from '@/lib/ids';
 import { DND5E_CLASSES, dnd5eSlots, dnd5ePact, dnd5eHp, dnd5eAsiLevels } from './dnd5e/progression';
 import { PF2E_CLASSES, pf2eHp, pf2eSlots, pf2eBoostLevels, pf2eSkillIncreaseLevels } from './pf2e/progression';
 
@@ -57,6 +58,12 @@ export interface BuiltCharacter {
   spellcastingAbility?: SpellAbility;
   spellcastingRank?: ProficiencyRank;
   spellcasting: { slots: SpellSlot[]; pact?: SpellSlot; spells: never[] };
+  resources: { id: string; name: string; current: number; max: number; recovery: 'short' | 'long' | 'daily' | 'none'; recoverStep?: number }[];
+}
+
+/** 5e Hit Dice as a tracked resource: one die per level; a long rest returns half (2014 PHB). */
+export function hitDiceResource(level: number): BuiltCharacter['resources'][number] {
+  return { id: newId(), name: 'Hit Dice', current: level, max: level, recovery: 'long', recoverStep: Math.ceil(level / 2) };
 }
 
 const TABLES: Record<SystemId, ClassDef[]> = { '5e': DND5E_CLASSES, pf2e: PF2E_CLASSES };
@@ -123,6 +130,8 @@ export function buildCharacter(system: SystemId, choices: BuildChoices): BuiltCh
     perceptionRank: system === 'pf2e' ? def?.perception ?? 'trained' : 'trained',
     ...(def?.spellAbility ? { spellcastingAbility: def.spellAbility, spellcastingRank: def.spellRank ?? 'trained' } : {}),
     spellcasting: { slots, ...(pact ? { pact } : {}), spells: [] },
+    // 5e characters track Hit Dice from day one; PF2e has no equivalent pool.
+    resources: system === '5e' ? [hitDiceResource(choices.level)] : [],
   };
 }
 
@@ -159,7 +168,11 @@ export function planLevelUp(system: SystemId, className: string, currentLevel: n
     if (dnd5eAsiLevels(className).includes(nextLevel)) {
       choices.push({ kind: 'asi', label: 'Ability Score Improvement — raise abilities by +2 total, or take a feat instead.' });
     }
-    if (slots.length) notes.push('Spell slots updated for the new level.');
+    // Proficiency bonus thresholds (PHB): +3 at 5, +4 at 9, +5 at 13, +6 at 17.
+    if ([5, 9, 13, 17].includes(nextLevel)) {
+      notes.push(`Proficiency bonus increases to +${2 + Math.floor((nextLevel - 1) / 4)} — attacks, saves, and trained skills all improve.`);
+    }
+    if (slots.length) notes.push('Spell slots updated — add any newly learned/prepared spells in the Spellcasting section.');
     return { nextLevel, hpGainAverage, hitDie: die, ...(slots.length ? { slots } : {}), ...(pact ? { pact } : {}), notes, choices };
   }
 
@@ -172,8 +185,10 @@ export function planLevelUp(system: SystemId, className: string, currentLevel: n
   if (pf2eSkillIncreaseLevels().includes(nextLevel)) {
     choices.push({ kind: 'skill-increase', label: 'Skill increase — raise one skill to the next proficiency rank.' });
   }
-  if (nextLevel % 2 === 0) choices.push({ kind: 'feat', label: 'Class feat — pick a new class feat for this level.' });
+  // (Feat slots are enumerated per type — class/skill/general/ancestry — by collectChoices,
-  if (slots.length) notes.push('Spell slots updated for the new level.');
+  // which the level-up modal renders with real owed counts; no duplicate entry here.)
+  notes.push('Proficiency rises with your level — every trained statistic improves by 1.');
+  if (slots.length) notes.push('Spell slots updated — add any newly learned/prepared spells in the Spellcasting section.');
   return { nextLevel, hpGainAverage, hitDie: die, ...(slots.length ? { slots } : {}), notes, choices };
 }
 

src/lib/rules/rest.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import type { Character } from '@/lib/schemas/character';
 import type { RestOption } from './types';
 import { pf2eRestDecay } from '@/lib/mechanics/dying';
+import { deriveEffectiveMaxHp } from '@/lib/mechanics/creatureState';
 
 /**
  * Compute the character changes a rest produces. Pure — returns a partial patch
@@ -16,15 +17,33 @@ export function applyRest(c: Character, opt: RestOption): Partial<Character> {
     patch.hp = { ...c.hp, current: c.hp.max };
   }
 
+  // Post-rest condition state, for capping restored HP at the EFFECTIVE max: a long
+  // rest steps 5e exhaustion down by 1 (level 4+ halves max); a pf2e night's rest
+  // decays drained by 1 (each remaining point still costs level HP off the max).
+  const restedExhaustion = opt.reduceExhaustion && c.defenses.exhaustion > 0 ? c.defenses.exhaustion - 1 : c.defenses.exhaustion;
+  const pf2eDecayed = c.system === 'pf2e' && opt.restoresHp ? pf2eRestDecay(c.defenses, c.conditions) : null;
+  if (opt.restoresHp && patch.hp) {
+    const eff = deriveEffectiveMaxHp({
+      system: c.system,
+      baseMaxHp: c.hp.max,
+      level: c.level,
+      exhaustion: restedExhaustion,
+      conditions: pf2eDecayed ? pf2eDecayed.conditions : c.conditions,
+    });
+    patch.hp = { ...patch.hp, current: Math.min(patch.hp.current, eff.max) };
+  }
+
   // Any rest ends ongoing concentration (you stop holding the spell to rest).
   if (c.concentration) patch.concentration = null;
 
-  // Resources refresh when their recovery tag is covered by this rest. A rest with
+  // Resources refresh when their recovery tag is covered by this rest. A step —
-  // `recoverStep` (PF2e Refocus) restores by that step, clamped to max, rather than
+  // per-resource (5e Hit Dice recover ceil(level/2)) or per-rest (PF2e Refocus
-  // refilling the whole pool — so Refocus returns one Focus Point, not all of them.
+  // returns one Focus Point) — restores by that amount, clamped to max; otherwise
+  // the pool refills entirely.
   patch.resources = c.resources.map((r) => {
     if (!opt.recovers.includes(r.recovery)) return r;
-    const next = opt.recoverStep !== undefined ? Math.min(r.max, r.current + opt.recoverStep) : r.max;
+    const step = r.recoverStep ?? opt.recoverStep;
+    const next = step !== undefined ? Math.min(r.max, r.current + step) : r.max;
     return { ...r, current: next };
   });
 
@@ -47,23 +66,17 @@ export function applyRest(c: Character, opt: RestOption): Partial<Character> {
   // pf2e: a full night's rest decays doomed (−1) and drained (−1), clears wounded
   // (you wake at full HP) and ends fatigued. Dying is assumed already 0.
   if (c.system === 'pf2e') {
-    if (opt.restoresHp) {
+    if (pf2eDecayed) {
-      const decay = pf2eRestDecay(c.defenses, c.conditions);
+      patch.defenses = { ...c.defenses, ...pf2eDecayed.defenses };
-      patch.defenses = { ...c.defenses, ...decay.defenses };
+      patch.conditions = pf2eDecayed.conditions;
-      patch.conditions = decay.conditions;
     }
     return patch;
   }
 
-  const exhaustion =
+  if (opt.restoresHp || restedExhaustion !== c.defenses.exhaustion) {
-    opt.reduceExhaustion && c.defenses.exhaustion > 0
-      ? c.defenses.exhaustion - 1
-      : c.defenses.exhaustion;
-
-  if (opt.restoresHp || exhaustion !== c.defenses.exhaustion) {
     patch.defenses = {
       ...c.defenses,
-      exhaustion,
+      exhaustion: restedExhaustion,
       // recovering from 0 HP clears death saves (5e)
       ...(opt.restoresHp ? { deathSaves: { successes: 0, failures: 0 } } : {}),
     };

src/lib/rules/rules.test.ts

@@ -168,3 +168,24 @@ describe('pf2e Refocus', () => {
     expect(patch.resources?.[0]?.current).toBe(1); // +1, clamped to max — not 3
   });
 });
+
+describe('pf2e Rest for the Night', () => {
+  it('decays drained/doomed, clears wounded/fatigued, and caps HP at the post-decay effective max', () => {
+    const rest = pf2e.restOptions.find((o) => o.id === 'rest')!;
+    const c = {
+      system: 'pf2e', level: 6,
+      resources: [],
+      hp: { current: 5, max: 50, temp: 0 },
+      concentration: null,
+      spellcasting: { slots: [], spells: [] },
+      conditions: [{ name: 'Drained', value: 2 }, { name: 'Fatigued' }],
+      defenses: { exhaustion: 0, deathSaves: { successes: 0, failures: 0 }, dying: 0, wounded: 2, doomed: 1, heroPoints: 1, inspiration: false },
+    } as unknown as Parameters<typeof applyRest>[0];
+    const patch = applyRest(c, rest);
+    expect(patch.conditions).toEqual([{ name: 'Drained', value: 1 }]); // drained −1, fatigued gone
+    expect(patch.defenses!.wounded).toBe(0);
+    expect(patch.defenses!.doomed).toBe(0);
+    // drained 1 remains after decay → effective max 50 − 6 = 44, not 50
+    expect(patch.hp!.current).toBe(44);
+  });
+});

src/lib/schemas/character.ts

@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ export const resourceSchema = z.object({
   current: int.min(0).default(0),
   max: int.min(0).default(0),
   recovery: recoverySchema.default('long'),
+  /** How much a matching rest restores. Omitted = refill to max. 5e Hit Dice use
+   *  ceil(level/2) — a long rest returns only half your level in dice (2014 PHB). */
+  recoverStep: int.positive().optional(),
 });
 export type CharacterResource = z.infer<typeof resourceSchema>;
 
@@ -173,6 +176,8 @@ export const characterSchema = z.object({
   portrait: z.string().optional(),
   /** ancestry (PF2e) / race (5e), free text for MVP */
   ancestry: z.string().max(80).default(''),
+  /** PF2e heritage (chosen at level 1, refines the ancestry); '' for 5e. */
+  heritage: z.string().max(80).default(''),
   /** Primary class name — a mirror of classes[0].className (kept for display/back-compat). */
   className: z.string().max(80).default(''),
   /** Total character level — a mirror of sum(classes[].level). */
@@ -277,12 +282,13 @@ export type CharacterDraft = z.infer<typeof characterDraftSchema>;
 /** Default values for the Phase-1 depth fields. Used by create + DB migration. */
 export function characterDefaults(): Pick<
   Character,
-  'currency' | 'inventory' | 'feats' | 'attacks' | 'resources' | 'spellcasting' | 'concentration' | 'equippedArmor' | 'defenses' | 'conditions' | 'background' | 'alignment' | 'appearance' | 'personality' | 'classes' | 'choices'
+  'currency' | 'inventory' | 'feats' | 'attacks' | 'resources' | 'spellcasting' | 'concentration' | 'equippedArmor' | 'defenses' | 'conditions' | 'background' | 'heritage' | 'alignment' | 'appearance' | 'personality' | 'classes' | 'choices'
 > {
   return {
     classes: [],
     choices: [],
     background: '',
+    heritage: '',
     alignment: '',
     appearance: '',
     personality: '',

src/lib/sync/messages.ts

@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ export const clientMessageSchema = z.discriminatedUnion('t', [
   z.object({ t: z.literal('host'), campaignId: z.string(), password: z.string().max(128).optional(), resume: z.string().optional() }),
   z.object({ t: z.literal('join'), joinCode: z.string().max(16), password: z.string().max(128).optional(), playerId: z.string().max(64).optional() }),
   z.object({ t: z.literal('state'), gmSecret: z.string(), snapshot: snapshotSchema }),
-  z.object({ t: z.literal('image'), gmSecret: z.string(), id: z.string(), dataUrl: z.string() }),
+  z.object({ t: z.literal('image'), gmSecret: z.string(), id: z.string().max(128), dataUrl: z.string().max(10_000_000) }),
-  z.object({ t: z.literal('requestImage'), id: z.string() }),
+  z.object({ t: z.literal('requestImage'), id: z.string().max(128) }),
   // two-way play (player → server)
   z.object({ t: z.literal('claimSeat'), characterId: z.string(), offlineSnapshot: characterSchema.optional() }),
   z.object({ t: z.literal('playerPatch'), characterId: z.string(), diff: partialCharacterDiffSchema }),

src/router.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { HomebrewPage } from '@/features/world/HomebrewPage';
 import { SettingsPage } from '@/features/settings/SettingsPage';
 import { AssistantPage } from '@/features/assistant/AssistantPage';
 import { DirectorPage } from '@/features/assistant/director/DirectorPage';
+import { AdminPage } from '@/features/admin/AdminPage';
 
 const rootRoute = createRootRoute({ component: RootLayout });
 
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ const homebrewRoute = createRoute({ getParentRoute: () => rootRoute, path: '/hom
 const settingsRoute = createRoute({ getParentRoute: () => rootRoute, path: '/settings', component: SettingsPage });
 const assistantRoute = createRoute({ getParentRoute: () => rootRoute, path: '/assistant', component: AssistantPage });
 const directorRoute = createRoute({ getParentRoute: () => rootRoute, path: '/director', component: DirectorPage });
+const adminRoute = createRoute({ getParentRoute: () => rootRoute, path: '/admin', component: AdminPage });
 
 const routeTree = rootRoute.addChildren([
   indexRoute,
@@ -64,6 +66,7 @@ const routeTree = rootRoute.addChildren([
   settingsRoute,
   assistantRoute,
   directorRoute,
+  adminRoute,
 ]);
 
 export const router = createRouter({ routeTree, defaultPreload: 'intent', defaultNotFoundComponent: NotFound });